Emmanuel de Martonne facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Emmanuel de Martonne
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Emmanuel de Martonne, taken before 1929
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| Born | 1 April 1873 Chabris, France
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| Died | 24 July 1955 (aged 82) Sceaux, France
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| Nationality | French |
| Occupation | Geographer |
| Scientific career | |
| Influenced | Humberto Fuenzalida |
Emmanuel de Martonne (born April 1, 1873 – died July 24, 1955) was an important French geographer. He was known for his work in geography and for helping with important decisions after World War I.
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Early Life and Education
Emmanuel de Martonne was born on April 1, 1873, in a town called Chabris in France. His father-in-law was Paul Vidal de la Blache, who was also a famous geographer.
In 1892, Emmanuel de Martonne started studying at the École Normale Supérieure, a very good school in France. After three years, he earned a degree in both history and geography. Later, he worked with two other well-known geographers, Ferdinand von Richthofen and Albrecht Penck.
Career as a Geographer
In 1899, de Martonne became a professor at the University of Rennes. There, he started a special geography institute, similar to ones in Germany. In 1905, he moved to teach at the University of Lyon. Four years later, in 1909, he joined the famous Sorbonne in Paris.
Helping During World War I
During World War I (1914–1918), Emmanuel de Martonne played a role in helping his country. In 1915, a group called the Geographical Commission was created. This group worked closely with the army. De Martonne was one of six geographers in this important commission.
After the War: Peace Conference
After World War I ended, de Martonne became an adviser at the Paris Peace Conference in 1919. He advised important French leaders like the Minister of Foreign Affairs, André Tardieu, and Prime Minister Georges Clemenceau.
He also worked to help return the region of Alsace-Lorraine to France. This area had been taken by Germany earlier. De Martonne was also the secretary of a group called the Comité D'études. This group worked on solving problems with country borders after the war, especially in places like Romania and the Balkans. He knew a lot about Central Europe and Romania because he had studied the Southern Carpathians mountains there before.
After his work at the peace conference, he taught at the University of Cluj in 1921. Emmanuel de Martonne passed away on July 24, 1955, in Sceaux, a town near Paris.
Awards and Honors
Emmanuel de Martonne received many awards and honors for his important work in geography:
- In 1933, he became an honorary member of the Geographical Society of the USSR.
- From 1938 to 1952, he was the president of the International Geographical Union, a big international group for geographers.
- He was given the Cullum Geographical Medal in 1939.
- In 1950, he received the Victoria Medal.
- He became a member of the French Academy of Sciences in 1942, which is a very high honor for scientists in France.
Images for kids
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Emmanuel de Martonne, a French geographer.
