Giorgio Parisi facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Giorgio Parisi
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Parisi in 2006
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| Born | 4 August 1948 Rome, Italy
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| Education | Sapienza University (Laurea) |
| Known for | Replica trick Parisi–Sourlas stochastic quantization Altarelli–Parisi equations Kardar–Parisi–Zhang equation |
| Awards | Boltzmann Medal Dirac Medal Enrico Fermi Prize Dannie Heineman Prize Nonino Prize Microsoft Award Lagrange Prize Max Planck Medal EPS HEPP Prize Lars Onsager Prize Pomeranchuk Prize Wolf Prize Clarivate Citation Laureates Nobel Prize in Physics (2021) |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Physics Statistical mechanics Quantum field theory |
| Institutions | Sapienza University Columbia University Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques |
| Academic advisors | Nicola Cabibbo |
Giorgio Parisi, born on August 4, 1948, is a famous Italian theoretical physicist. He studies how tiny particles behave and how complex systems work. His work has focused on areas like quantum field theory, statistical mechanics, and understanding complex systems.
He is well-known for his contributions to understanding how particles interact. He also helped solve the mystery of "spin glasses," which are special materials with mixed-up magnetic properties. He also studied how surfaces grow and even how flocks of birds move together.
In 2021, Giorgio Parisi won the Nobel Prize in Physics. He shared the award with Klaus Hasselmann and Syukuro Manabe. They were honored for their amazing work on complex systems. His part was for discovering how disorder and tiny changes affect physical systems, from atoms to planets.
Contents
Early Life and School
Giorgio Parisi earned his degree from the Sapienza University of Rome in 1970. His teacher and guide during his studies was Nicola Cabibbo.
Career as a Scientist
Giorgio Parisi worked as a researcher at the Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati from 1971 to 1981. He also visited and worked at several famous universities and institutes around the world. These included Columbia University in the United States and the Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques in France.
From 1981 to 1992, he was a full professor of Theoretical Physics at the University of Rome Tor Vergata. Today, he is a professor of Quantum Theories at the Sapienza University of Rome.
From 2018 to 2021, he was the president of the Accademia dei Lincei. This is a very old and respected Italian academy for science. In 2023, he became a Fellow of The World Academy of Sciences.
Parisi's Research and Discoveries
Parisi's research covers many different areas of physics. He is especially known for his work on spin glasses. These are materials where magnetic parts are arranged in a very disordered way. He found ways to understand these complex systems.
He also made important discoveries in elementary particle physics. This field studies the smallest parts that make up everything. For example, he helped create important equations that explain how tiny particles called quarks and gluons behave.
In the study of fluid dynamics, which is about how liquids and gases move, he helped describe how messy and unpredictable flows can be. He also developed an equation that helps explain how things grow randomly, like the rough surface of a crystal.
Parisi also studied the amazing way animals move together in groups, like flocks of birds or swarms of insects. His work helps us understand how such complex group behaviors emerge. He also helped introduce the idea of "stochastic resonance" to understand how small changes can affect big systems, like in climate change.
Awards and Honors
Giorgio Parisi is a member of several important scientific groups around the world. These include the French Academy of Sciences and the United States National Academy of Sciences.
He has received many awards for his scientific work:
- Feltrinelli Prize, 1986.
- Boltzmann Medal, 1992. This award recognized his important work in statistical physics, especially for understanding spin glasses.
- Dirac Medal of the ICTP, 1999. This medal honored his deep contributions to many areas of physics.
- Enrico Fermi Prize, 2002. This was for his work in field theory and statistical mechanics, especially on disordered systems.
- Dannie Heineman Prize for Mathematical Physics, 2005. This prize was for his discoveries in particle physics, quantum field theory, and statistical mechanics.
- Nonino Prize “An Italian Master of our Time”, 2005.
- Microsoft Award, 2007. This award recognized his use of computers to help his research.
- Lagrange Prize, 2009. This prize is given to scientists who have greatly helped the study of complexity.
- Max Planck Medal, 2011. This was for his important work in theoretical particle physics and statistical physics.
- Nature Awards for Mentoring in Science – Italy, 2013. This was a lifetime achievement award for guiding other scientists.
- High Energy and Particle Physics Prize – EPS HEPP Prize, 2015.
- Lars Onsager Prize, 2016. This was for his new ideas using spin glass concepts to solve computer problems.
- Pomeranchuk Prize, 2018.
- Honorary Doctorate in Science from the University of Extremadura (2019).
- Wolf Prize, 2021. This prize recognized him as one of the most creative and important theoretical physicists in recent times.
- Inserted in Clarivate Citation Laureates, 2021.
- Nobel Prize in Physics, 2021. This was for his discovery of how disorder and tiny changes affect physical systems.
- Cavaliere di Gran Croce OMRI, 2021. This is a high honor from the Italian government.
Working for Science
Since 2016, Giorgio Parisi has been a leader in a movement called "Salviamo la Ricerca Italiana," which means "Let's Save Italian Research." He works to encourage the Italian and European governments to provide more funding for basic scientific research.
See also
- Asymptotic safety in quantum gravity
- Cavity method
- Euclidean random matrix
- Parisi–Sourlas stochastic quantization procedure
- p-adic quantum mechanics
- Renormalon
- Self-consistency principle in high energy physics
- Stochastic quantization
