Hawkes Bay tree weta facts for kids

Quick facts for kids Hawkes Bay tree weta
Hemideina trewicki (male)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Orthoptera
Suborder:	Ensifera
Family:	Anostostomatidae
Genus:	Hemideina
Species:	H. trewicki
Binomial name
Hemideina trewicki Morgan-Richards 1995

The Hawkes Bay tree weta, Hemideina trewicki, is a large arboreal long-horned cricket in the order Orthoptera. The species is endemic to New Zealand and restricted to the Hawke's Bay region of North Island

Hemideina trewicki is a cryptic species: it looks like the Wellington tree weta, H. crassidens, but has a different number of chromosomes. All tree weta (genus Hemideina) are nocturnal flightless herbivores. During the day they hide from predators in hollow branches and crevices. At night they search in trees for leaves, flowers and fruits to eat.

Distribution and identification

Hemideina trewicki is common in forests and suburban gardens over most of the Hawke's Bay region. Within this range it overlaps with the Auckland tree weta H. thoracica. The two species can be found sharing daytime refuge holes but hybridisation is limited to rare first generation hybrids. Hemideina trewicki has black and yellow bands on its abdominal tergites (as seen in the Wellington tree weta H. crassidens) but has a pale pronotum with black marks as seen in H. thoracica. However, H. thoracica lacks the abdominal bands, and is more uniform body colour. All tree weta have long antenna, spines on their hind legs and adults can bite. The number of prolateral spines on each hind tibea can be used to distinguish the Hawke's Bay tree weta from the Auckland tree weta: Hemideina trewicki has 8 spines and H. thoracica has 6 (or sometimes 7) spines on each hind tibea.

Life cycle and mating

Tree weta are hemimetabolous insects, meaning they hatch from eggs as small versions of adults. Eggs are laid in the soil and hatch after about 8 months without parental care. Over about 12 months nymphs grow and molt nine times before reaching full size (8-12 grams) and sexual maturity. Hemideina trewick are smaller than the sympatric H. thoracica and reach maturity earlier in the summer. During the late summer and autumn adult female tree weta shelter together in the same tree cavities. Male weta use chemical cues to find other adult weta and fight for access to harems.

This adult male Hemideina trewicki is using a bird nesting box as a daytime refuge at the Cape Kidnappers Reserve, Hawkes Bay