Headquarters House (Fayetteville, Arkansas) facts for kids
Quick facts for kids |
|
|
Headquarters House
|
|
Headquarters House, August 2011
|
|
 Location in Arkansas
Location in the United States
|
|
| Location | 118 E. Dickson St., Fayetteville, Arkansas |
|---|---|
| Area | 0.8 acres (0.32 ha) |
| Built | 1850 |
| Built by | Jonas Tebbetts |
| Architect | George Baker |
| Architectural style | Greek Revival, Georgian |
| NRHP reference No. | 71000129 |
| Added to NRHP | June 24, 1971 |
Headquarters House, also known as the Colonel Tebbetts place, is a historic house museum in Fayetteville, Arkansas. It was built in 1850. This house played an important role during the American Civil War.
The house served as a main base for both the Union and Confederate armies. During a battle in Fayetteville, Confederate soldiers attacked the house while Union troops were using it. Today, Headquarters House is a museum. It was given to the Washington County Historical Society in 1967 and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1971.
Contents
A Home with History
The Headquarters House was built by Judge Jonas Tebbetts and his wife. It was finished around 1853. The house was designed in the Greek Revival style, which was popular at the time.
When the Civil War began, many people in Fayetteville supported the Southern states. However, Judge Tebbetts openly supported the Union, or the Northern states. Because of his views, he was arrested in March 1862.
Confederate General Benjamin McCulloch took Judge Tebbetts to Fort Smith. Tebbetts was later set free after General McCulloch died during the Battle of Pea Ridge.
Judge Tebbetts returned to Fayetteville. He soon learned that he was in danger. He and his family quickly left their home and moved to Missouri. The Tebbetts family never lived in the house again. After they left, the Union Army took over the house and used it as their main base.
The Battle for Headquarters House
A Target for Attack
The Headquarters House became a key target during a Confederate attack on April 18, 1863. Union soldiers were using the house as their main base for operations in northwest Arkansas. If the Confederate army could capture the house, they hoped to remove the Union forces from the area.
The attack began at 6:00 AM in east Fayetteville. Confederate soldiers started firing, while their cannons moved up East Mountain. From there, they fired into the city.
Cannonball Strike
One cannonball hit the front door of the Headquarters House. The house was badly damaged during the fighting. Despite the attack, the Union soldiers fought back. They began to push the Confederates out of Fayetteville later that morning.
The Confederates made a strong push up Dickson Street. But they eventually realized they could not take the Headquarters House. They decided to leave. Today, the original door with the cannonball hole is on display at the museum.
Greek Revival Style
The Headquarters House shows many features of Greek Revival architecture. This style was inspired by ancient Greek buildings.
For example, the porch has fluted columns. These columns have vertical grooves carved into them. The eaves, which are the edges of the roof, are decorated with dentil trim. Dentils are small, tooth-like blocks. These details are common in Greek Revival buildings. The fireplace in the parlor also has a typical Greek Revival design.
See also
- Action at Fayetteville
- National Register of Historic Places listings in Washington County, Arkansas
