James Derham facts for kids

James Derham (born May 2, 1762) was a very important person in American history. He was the first African American to officially practice medicine in the United States. Even though he didn't get a medical degree from a university, he became a skilled doctor. He is also known as James Durham.

Early Life and Medical Training

James Derham was born in Philadelphia in 1762. At that time, he was born into slavery. When he was young, he was sent to work for Dr. John Kearsley Jr. This was a big opportunity for James.

Learning from Doctors

Under Dr. Kearsley, James began to learn about medicine. He studied how to mix different medicines to create treatments. He also learned how to care for patients, especially those with throat illnesses. This included how to talk to them and make them feel comfortable.

After Dr. Kearsley passed away, James was only fifteen years old. He was moved to different owners. Eventually, he worked for Dr. George West. Dr. West was a surgeon for the British army during the American Revolutionary War.

Gaining Freedom

Later, James Derham was transferred again. This time, he went to work for Dr. Robert Dove in New Orleans. James worked as an assistant in Dr. Dove's medical office. They became good friends. Dr. Dove was so impressed with James's skills and character that he helped James gain his freedom.

A Pioneer in Medicine

With some help from Dr. Dove, James Derham was able to open his own medical practice. This was in New Orleans. By 1789, his medical practice was doing very well. It was reported that he earned about $3,000 each year. This was a lot of money back then.

Meeting Dr. Benjamin Rush

In 1788, James Derham met Dr. Benjamin Rush in Philadelphia. Dr. Rush was a famous American doctor and a signer of the Declaration of Independence. They became friends and wrote letters to each other for twelve years.

James Derham's last letter to Dr. Rush was in 1802. This is the last time anyone recorded seeing or hearing from him. It is thought that James left his practice in New Orleans. This happened after Spanish authorities limited him to only treating throat diseases in 1801.

Recognition and Legacy

James Derham's story shows how talented and determined he was. He overcame many challenges to become a respected doctor. He was recognized by important thinkers of his time, like Dr. Benjamin Rush.

Mention in Literature

James Derham was even mentioned by W. E. B. Du Bois. Du Bois was a very important writer and civil rights leader. He wrote about Derham in his famous essay called "The Talented Tenth". Du Bois saw Derham as a leader. He was one of the "Talented Tenth" who showed great ability and tried to make things better for African Americans.

See also

In Spanish: James Derham para niños

• Jane Minor
• List of African-American firsts
• List of people who disappeared
• Men in nursing