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List of governors of Alabama facts for kids

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Governor of Alabama
Flag of the Governor of Alabama.svg
Standard of the governor
Seal of the Governor of Alabama.svg
Seal of the governor
Governor Kay Ivey 2017 (cropped).jpg
Incumbent
Kay Ivey

since April 10, 2017
Government of Alabama
Style
Residence Alabama Governor's Mansion
Term length Four years, renewable once consecutively
Precursor Governor of Alabama Territory
Inaugural holder William Wyatt Bibb
Formation December 14, 1819
(204 years ago)
 (1819-12-14)
Deputy Lieutenant Governor of Alabama
Salary $127,833 (2022)

The governor of Alabama is the head of government of the U.S. state of Alabama. The governor is the head of the executive branch of Alabama's state government and is charged with enforcing state laws.

There have officially been 54 governors of the state of Alabama; this official numbering skips acting and military governors. The first governor, William Wyatt Bibb, served as the only governor of the Alabama Territory. Five people have served as acting governor, bringing the total number of people serving as governor to 59, spread over 63 distinct terms. Four governors have served multiple non-consecutive terms: Bibb Graves, Jim Folsom, and Fob James each served two, and George Wallace served three non-consecutive periods. Officially, these non-consecutive terms are numbered only with the number of their first term. William D. Jelks also served non-consecutive terms, but his first term was in an acting capacity.

The longest-serving governor was George Wallace, who served 16 years over four terms. The shortest term for a non-acting governor was that of Hugh McVay, who served four and a half months after replacing the resigning Clement Comer Clay. Lurleen Wallace, the first wife of George Wallace, was the first woman to serve as governor of Alabama, and the third woman to serve as governor of any state. The current governor is Republican Kay Ivey, who took office on April 10, 2017 following Robert J. Bentley's resignation amidst a corruption scandal. She is the second female governor of Alabama.

List of governors

Territory of Alabama

Alabama Territory was formed on March 3, 1817, from Mississippi Territory. It had only one governor appointed by the President of the United States before it became a state; he became the first state governor.

Governor of the Territory of Alabama
No. Governor Term in office Appointed by
1 William Wyatt Bibb.jpg William Wyatt Bibb
(1781–1820)
September 25, 1817

November 9, 1819
(elected state governor)
James Monroe

State of Alabama

Seal of the Governor-Elect of Alabama
Seal for use by the governor-elect
Flag of the Governor of Alabama (1868–1939)
Governor's flag before 1939

Alabama was admitted to the Union on December 14, 1819. It seceded from the Union on January 11, 1861, and was a founding member of the Confederate States of America on February 4, 1861. Following the end of the American Civil War, Alabama during Reconstruction was part of the Third Military District, which exerted some control over governor appointments and elections. Alabama was readmitted to the Union on July 14, 1868.

The first Alabama Constitution, ratified in 1819, provided that a governor be elected every two years, limited to serve no more than 4 out of every 6 years. This limit remained in place until the constitution of 1868, which simply allowed governors to serve terms of two years. The current constitution of 1901 increased terms to four years, but prohibited governors from succeeding themselves. An amendment in 1968 allowed governors to succeed themselves once; a governor serving two consecutive terms can run again after waiting out the next term. The constitution had no set date for the commencement of a governor's term until 1901, when it was set at the first Monday after the second Tuesday in the January following an election. However, the Alabama Supreme Court ruled in 1911 that a governor's term ends at midnight at the end of Monday, and the next governor's term begins the next day, regardless of if they were sworn in on Monday.

The office of lieutenant governor was created in 1868, abolished in 1875, and recreated in 1901. According to the current constitution, should the governor be out of the state for more than 20 days, the lieutenant governor becomes acting governor, and if the office of governor becomes vacant the lieutenant governor ascends to the governorship.

Alabama was a strongly Democratic state before the Civil War, electing only candidates from the Democratic-Republican and Democratic parties. It had two Republican governors following Reconstruction, but after the Democratic Party re-established control, 112 years passed before voters chose another Republican.

Governors of the State of Alabama
No. Governor Term in office Party Election Lt. Governor
1 William Wyatt Bibb.jpg   William Wyatt Bibb
(1781–1820)
November 9, 1819

July 10, 1820
(died in office)
Democratic-
Republican
1819 Office did not exist
2 Governor Thomas Bibb.jpg Thomas Bibb
(1783–1839)
July 10, 1820

November 9, 1821
(did not run)
Democratic-
Republican
Succeeded from
president of
the Senate
3 Pickensisrael.jpg Israel Pickens
(1780–1827)
November 9, 1821

November 25, 1825
(term-limited)
Democratic-
Republican
1821
1823
4 John murphy.jpg John Murphy
(d. 1841)
November 25, 1825

November 21, 1829
(term-limited)
Jackson
Democrat
1825
1827
5 Gabrielmoore.jpg Gabriel Moore
(1785–1844)
November 21, 1829

March 3, 1831
(resigned)
Jackson
Democrat
1829
6 No image.svg Samuel B. Moore
(1789–1846)
March 3, 1831

November 26, 1831
(lost election)
Jackson
Democrat
Succeeded from
president of
the Senate
7 JohnGayle.jpg John Gayle
(1792–1859)
November 26, 1831

November 21, 1835
(term-limited)
Jackson
Democrat
1831
Democratic 1833
8 Clement Comer Clay.jpg Clement Comer Clay
(1789–1866)
November 21, 1835

July 17, 1837
(resigned)
Democratic 1835
9 Hugh McVay.jpg Hugh McVay
(1766–1851)
July 17, 1837

November 21, 1837
(successor took office)
Democratic Succeeded from
president of
the Senate
10 Arthur bagby.jpg Arthur P. Bagby
(1794–1858)
November 21, 1837

November 22, 1841
(term-limited)
Democratic 1837
1839
11 Hon. Benjamin Fitzpatrick, Ala - NARA - 528657.jpg Benjamin Fitzpatrick
(1802–1869)
November 22, 1841

December 9, 1845
(term-limited)
Democratic 1841
1843
12 Gov. Joshua L. Martin.jpg Joshua L. Martin
(1799–1856)
December 9, 1845

December 16, 1847
(did not run)
Independent 1845
13 Governor Reuben Chapman.jpg Reuben Chapman
(1799–1882)
December 16, 1847

December 17, 1849
(lost nomination)
Democratic 1847
14 Governor Henry Watkins Collier.jpg Henry W. Collier
(1801–1855)
December 17, 1849

December 20, 1853
(term-limited)
Democratic 1849
1851
15 John A. Winston.jpg John A. Winston
(1812–1871)
December 20, 1853

December 1, 1857
(term-limited)
Democratic 1853
1855
16 Andrew B. Moore.jpg Andrew B. Moore
(1807–1873)
December 1, 1857

December 2, 1861
(term-limited)
Democratic 1857
1859
17 John Gill Shorter.jpg John Gill Shorter
(1818–1872)
December 2, 1861

December 1, 1863
(lost election)
Democratic 1861
18 Thomas Hill Watts 1860s.jpg Thomas H. Watts
(1819–1892)
December 1, 1863

May 3, 1865
(arrested and removed)
Whig 1863
Vacant May 3, 1865

June 21, 1865
Office vacated
after civil war
19 Lewis E. Parsons - Brady-Handy.jpg Lewis E. Parsons
(1817–1895)
June 21, 1865

December 13, 1865
(successor took office)
Provisional governor
appointed by President
20 Robert patton.jpg Robert M. Patton
(1809–1885)
December 13, 1865

July 13, 1868
(did not run)
Nonpartisan 1865
WSwayne.jpg Wager Swayne
(1834–1902)
March 2, 1867

January 11, 1868

(removed)
Military occupation
21 William Hugh Smith.jpg William Hugh Smith
(1826–1899)
July 13, 1868

November 26, 1870
(lost election)
Republican 1868   Applegate, Andrew J.Andrew J. Applegate
(died August 21, 1870)
Vacant
22 Robert B. Lindsay.jpg Robert B. Lindsay
(1824–1902)
November 26, 1870

November 25, 1872
(did not run)
Democratic 1870 Moren, Edward H.Edward H. Moren
23 David P. Lewis.jpg David P. Lewis
(1820–1884)
November 25, 1872

November 24, 1874
(lost election)
Republican 1872 McKinstry, AlexanderAlexander McKinstry
24 George S. Houston - Brady-Handy.jpg George S. Houston
(1811–1879)
November 24, 1874

November 27, 1878
(did not run)
Democratic 1874 Ligon, Robert F.Robert F. Ligon
1876 Office did not exist
25 Rufus W. Cobb.jpg Rufus W. Cobb
(1829–1913)
November 27, 1878

December 1, 1882
(did not run)
Democratic 1878
1880
26 Edward A. O'Neal.jpg Edward A. O'Neal
(1818–1890)
December 1, 1882

December 1, 1886
(did not run)
Democratic 1882
1884
27 GOVTHOMASSEAY.JPG Thomas Seay
(1846–1896)
December 1, 1886

December 1, 1890
(did not run)
Democratic 1886
1888
28 Thomas Goode Jones.jpg Thomas G. Jones
(1844–1914)
December 1, 1890

December 1, 1894
(did not run)
Democratic 1890
1892
29 Governor William Calvin Oates.jpg William C. Oates
(1835–1910)
December 1, 1894

December 1, 1896
(did not run)
Democratic 1894
30 Joseph F Johnston-photo portrait.jpg Joseph F. Johnston
(1843–1913)
December 1, 1896

December 1, 1900
(did not run)
Democratic 1896
1898
William D. Jelks.jpg William D. Jelks
(1855–1931)
December 1, 1900

December 26, 1900

(acting)
Democratic President of
the Senate
acting
31 William J. Samford.jpg William J. Samford
(1844–1901)
December 1, 1900

June 11, 1901
(died in office)
Democratic 1900
32 William D. Jelks.jpg William D. Jelks
(1855–1931)
June 11, 1901

January 14, 1907
(term-limited)
Democratic Succeeded from
president of
the Senate
1902 Cunningham, Russell McWhortorRussell McWhortor Cunningham
(acted as governor
April 25, 1904–March 5, 1905)
33 Braxton Bragg Comer.jpg B. B. Comer
(1848–1927)
January 14, 1907

January 16, 1911
(term-limited)
Democratic 1906 Gray, Henry B.Henry B. Gray
34 Emmet O'Neal cropped.jpg Emmet O'Neal
(1853–1922)
January 17, 1911

January 18, 1915
(term-limited)
Democratic 1910 Seed Sr., Walter D.Walter D. Seed Sr.
35 Governor Charles Henderson.jpg Charles Henderson
(1860–1937)
January 19, 1915

January 20, 1919
(term-limited)
Democratic 1914 Kilby, ThomasThomas Kilby
36 Thomas Kilby.jpg Thomas Kilby
(1865–1943)
January 21, 1919

January 15, 1923
(term-limited)
Democratic 1918 Miller, Nathan LeeNathan Lee Miller
37 Governor William W. Brandon.jpg William W. Brandon
(1868–1934)
January 16, 1923

January 17, 1927
(term-limited)
Democratic 1922 McDowell, Charles S.Charles S. McDowell
(acted as governor
July 10, 1924–July 11, 1924)
38 Bibb Graves.jpg Bibb Graves
(1873–1942)
January 18, 1927

January 19, 1931
(term-limited)
Democratic 1926 Davis, William C.William C. Davis
39 Benjamin Meek Miller (Alabama Governor).jpg Benjamin M. Miller
(1864–1944)
January 20, 1931

January 14, 1935
(term-limited)
Democratic 1930 Merrill, Hugh DavisHugh Davis Merrill
38 Bibb Graves 1935.jpg Bibb Graves
(1873–1942)
January 15, 1935

January 16, 1939
(term-limited)
Democratic 1934 Knight, Thomas E.Thomas E. Knight
(died May 17, 1937)
Vacant
40 Frank M Dixon 1939.jpg Frank M. Dixon
(1892–1965)
January 17, 1939

January 18, 1943
(term-limited)
Democratic 1938 Carmichael, Albert A.Albert A. Carmichael
41 Chauncey Sparks.jpg Chauncey Sparks
(1884–1968)
January 19, 1943

January 20, 1947
(term-limited)
Democratic 1942 Ellis, Leven H.Leven H. Ellis
42 Jim Folsom circa 1947.jpg Jim Folsom
(1908–1987)
January 21, 1947

January 15, 1951
(term-limited)
Democratic 1946 Inzer, James C.James C. Inzer
43 Gordon Persons.jpg Gordon Persons
(1902–1965)
January 16, 1951

January 17, 1955
(term-limited)
Democratic 1950 Allen, JamesJames Allen
42 Jim Folsom circa 1947.jpg Jim Folsom
(1908–1987)
January 18, 1955

January 19, 1959
(term-limited)
Democratic 1954 Hardwick, William G.William G. Hardwick
44 John Malcolm Patterson.jpg John M. Patterson
(1921–2021)
January 20, 1959

January 14, 1963
(term-limited)
Democratic 1958 Boutwell, AlbertAlbert Boutwell
45 George Wallace (D-AL) (3x4).jpg George Wallace
(1919–1998)
January 15, 1963

January 16, 1967
(term-limited)
Democratic 1962 Allen, JamesJames Allen
46 Lurleen Wallace.jpg Lurleen Wallace
(1926–1968)
January 17, 1967

May 7, 1968
(died in office)
Democratic 1966 Brewer, AlbertAlbert Brewer
(acted as governor
July 25, 1967)
47 Alabama Governor Albert Brewer.jpg Albert Brewer
(1928–2017)
May 7, 1968

January 18, 1971
(lost nomination)
Democratic Succeeded from
lieutenant
governor
Vacant
45 George Wallace (D-AL) (3x4).jpg George Wallace
(1919–1998)
January 19, 1971

January 15, 1979
(term-limited)
Democratic 1970 Beasley, JereJere Beasley
(acted as governor
June 5, 1972–July 7, 1972)
1974
48 Reagan Contact Sheet C1331 (cropped).jpg Fob James
(b. 1934)
January 16, 1979

January 17, 1983
(did not run)
Democratic 1978 McMillan, GeorgeGeorge McMillan
45 George Wallace (D-AL) (3x4).jpg George Wallace
(1919–1998)
January 18, 1983

January 19, 1987
(did not run)
Democratic 1982 Baxley, BillBill Baxley
49 Guy Hunt 1978.jpg H. Guy Hunt
(1933–2009)
January 20, 1987

April 22, 1993
(removed from office)
Republican 1986 Folsom Jr., JimJim Folsom Jr.
1990
50 Jim Folsom Jr..jpg Jim Folsom Jr.
(b. 1949)
April 22, 1993

January 16, 1995
(lost election)
Democratic Succeeded from
lieutenant
governor
Vacant
48 Reagan Contact Sheet C1331 (cropped).jpg Fob James
(b. 1934)
January 17, 1995

January 18, 1999
(lost election)
Republican 1994 Siegelman, DonDon Siegelman
51 Don Siegelman at Netroots Nation 2008 (cropped).jpg Don Siegelman
(b. 1946)
January 19, 1999

January 20, 2003
(lost election)
Democratic 1998 Windom, SteveSteve Windom
52 Governor Bob Riley (cropped).jpg Bob Riley
(b. 1944)
January 21, 2003

January 17, 2011
(term-limited)
Republican 2002 Baxley, LucyLucy Baxley
2006 Folsom Jr., JimJim Folsom Jr.
53 Robert Bentley (cropped).jpg Robert J. Bentley
(b. 1943)
January 18, 2011

April 10, 2017
(resigned)
Republican 2010 Ivey, KayKay Ivey
2014
54 Governor Kay Ivey 2017 (cropped).jpg Kay Ivey
(b. 1944)
April 10, 2017

Incumbent
Republican Succeeded from
lieutenant
governor
Vacant
2018 Ainsworth, WillWill Ainsworth
2022

See also

Kids robot.svg In Spanish: Anexo:Gobernadores de Alabama para niños

  • List of Alabama state legislatures
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List of governors of Alabama Facts for Kids. Kiddle Encyclopedia.