List of endemic birds of Hawaii facts for kids

There are 71 known taxa of birds endemic to the Hawaiian Islands, of which 30 are extinct, 6 possibly extinct and 30 of the remaining 48 species and subspecies are listed as endangered or threatened by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service. In the era following western contact, habitat loss and avian disease are thought to have had the greatest effect on endemic bird species in Hawaii, although native peoples are implicated in the loss of dozens of species before the arrival of Captain Cook and others, in large part due to the arrival of the Polynesian rat (Rattus exulans) which came along with the first Polynesians.

List of species

The following is a list of bird species and subspecies endemic to the Hawaiian Islands:

Procellariidae

• Hawaiian petrel or ʻuaʻu, Pterodroma sandwichensis
• Newell's shearwater or ʻaʻo, Puffinus newelli
• Bryan's shearwater, Puffinus bryani (P. assimilis: )
• Bonin petrel, Pterodroma hypoleuca 99% of the total population breeds on the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

Anatidae

• Hawaiian goose or nēnē, Branta sandvicensis
• Hawaiian duck or koloa maoli, Anas wyvilliana
• Laysan duck, Anas laysanensis

Diomedeidae

• Laysan albatross, Phoebastria immutabilis 99.7% of the total population breeds on the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands
• Black-footed albatross, Phoebastria nigripes 97.5% of the total population breeds on the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

Accipitridae

• Hawaiian hawk or ʻio, Buteo solitarius

Rallidae

• Laysan rail, Porzana palmeri †
• Hawaiian rail or moho, Porzana sandwichensis †
• Hawaiian gallinule or ʻalae ʻula, Gallinula chloropus sandwichensis (G. chloropus: )
• Hawaiian coot or ʻalae keʻokeʻo, Fulica alai

Recurvirostridae

• Hawaiian stilt or aeʻo, Himantopus mexicanus knudseni (H. mexicanus: )

Laridae

• Hawaiian black noddy or noio, Anous minutus melanogenys (A. minutus: )

Strigidae

• Pueo, Asio flammeus sandwichensis (A. flammeus: )

Mohoidae

• Kauaʻi ʻōʻō, Moho braccatus †
• Oʻahu ʻōʻō, Moho apicalis †
• Bishop's ʻōʻō, Moho bishopi †
• Hawaiʻi ʻōʻō, Moho nobilis †
• Kioea, Chaetoptila angustipluma †

Corvidae

• Hawaiian crow or ʻalala, Corvus hawaiiensis

Monarchidae

• Kauaʻi ʻelepaio, Chasiempis sclateri
• Oʻahu ʻelepaio, Chasiempis ibidis
• Hawaiʻi ʻelepaio, Chasiempis sandwichensis

Sylviidae

• Laysan millerbird, Acrocephalus familaris familaris †
• Nihoa millerbird, Acrocephalus familaris kingi

Turdidae

• Kamaʻo, Myadestes myadestinus †
• Puaiohi, Myadestes palmeri
• Olomaʻo, Myadestes lanaiensis
  • ʻĀmaui, Myadestes (lanaiensis) woahensis †
• ʻOmaʻo, Myadestes obscurus

Fringillidae

• Laysan finch, Telespiza cantans
• Nihoa finch, Telespiza ultima
• ʻŌʻū, Psittirostra psittacea
• Lanaʻi hookbill, Dysmorodrepanis munroi †
• Palila, Loxioides bailleui
• Kauaʻi palila, Loxioides kikuichi †
• Lesser koa-finch, Rhodacanthis flaviceps †
• Greater koa-finch, Rhodacanthis palmeri †
• Kona grosbeak, Chloridops kona †
• Maui parrotbill, Pseudonestor xanthophrys
• Kauaʻi ʻakialoa Akialoa stejnegeri or Hemignathus (ellisianus) procerus †
• Oʻahu ʻakialoa, Akialoa ellisiana or Hemignathus ellisianus ellisianus †
• Maui Nui ʻakialoa, Akialoa lanaiensis or Hemignathus (ellisianus) lanaiensis †
• Lesser ʻakialoa, Akialoa obscura or Hemignathus obscurus †
• Common ʻamakihi, Hemignathus virens
• Oʻahu ʻamakihi, Hemignathus flavus
• Kauaʻi ʻamakihi, Hemignathus kauaiensis
• Greater ʻamakihi, Hemignathus sagittirostris †
• Maui nukupuʻu, Hemignathus affinis
• Kauai nukupuʻu, Hemignathus hanapepe
• Oʻahu nukupuʻu, Hemignathus lucidus †
• ʻAkiapolaʻau, Hemignathus munroi
• ʻAnianiau, Magumma parva
• ʻAkikiki, Oreomystis bairdi
• Hawaiʻi creeper, Oreomystis mana
• Oʻahu ʻalauahio, Paroreomyza maculata
• Maui ʻalauahio, Paroreomyza montana
• Lanaʻi ʻalauahio, Paroreomyza montana montana †
• Kakawahie, Paroreomyza flammea †
• ʻAkekeʻe, Loxops caeruleirostris
• Hawaiʻi ʻakepa, Loxops coccineus
• Maui ʻākepa, Loxops coccineus ochraceus †
• Oʻahu ʻākepa, Loxops coccineus wolstenholmei †
• ʻUla-ʻai-hawane, Ciridops anna †
• ʻIʻiwi, Vestiaria coccinea
• Hawaiʻi mamo, Drepanis pacifica †
• Black mamo, Drepanis funerea †
• ʻAkohekohe, Palmeria dolei
• ʻApapane, Himatione sanguinea
• Laysan honeycreeper, Himatione fraithii †
• Poʻouli, Melamprosops phaeosoma †

See also

In Spanish: Aves endémicas de las islas Hawái para niños