Luis José de Orbegoso facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Luis José de Orbegoso
|
|
|---|---|
Portrait by José Gil de Castro
|
|
| 5th President of Peru | |
| In office December 21, 1833 – February 23, 1835 |
|
| Preceded by | Agustín Gamarra |
| Succeeded by | Felipe Santiago Salaverry |
| 1st President of North Peru | |
| In office 21 August 1837 – 30 July 1838 |
|
| Preceded by | (Republic created) |
| Succeeded by | José de la Riva Agüero |
| 1st President of North Peru | |
| In office 30 July 1838 – 21 August 1838 |
|
| Preceded by | (Republic created) |
| Succeeded by | Agustín Gamarra (as President of Peru) |
| Personal details | |
| Born | August 25, 1795 Chuquizongo, Huamachuco |
| Died | February 5, 1847 (aged 51) Trujillo, Peru |
| Nationality | Peruvian |
| Profession | Soldier |
Luis José de Orbegoso y Moncada-Galindo (born August 25, 1795 – died February 5, 1847) was an important Peruvian soldier and politician. He served as the 5th President of Peru. He also became the first President of North Peru. His time as a leader was very challenging. Peru faced a lot of social problems and ongoing civil wars. This meant his government often had to deal with other leaders trying to take power.
Contents
Early Life and Military Service
Luis José de Orbegoso was born in Chuquizongo, Huamachuco, Peru. This was on August 25, 1795. His parents were Justo de Orbegoso y Burutarán and Francisca Moncada-Galindo y Morales. His mother was the 4th Countess of Olmos. This meant Luis José inherited the title and became the 5th Count of Olmos.
Orbegoso was a soldier who fought for Peru's freedom. He joined José de San Martín in the war to gain independence from Spain. Later, he also fought in a war against Gran Colombia. This happened during the government of José de La Mar.
Becoming President of Peru
After the first government of Agustín Gamarra ended, Peru needed a new leader. Orbegoso was chosen as president in 1833. He won the election against Pedro Pablo Bermúdez. Gamarra had actually wanted Bermúdez to be the next president.
Challenges and Conflicts
During his time as president, Orbegoso faced many difficulties.
- Rivalry with Gamarra: Agustín Gamarra, who was in exile, did not like Orbegoso. He supported Pedro Pablo Bermúdez in his efforts to become president.
- Overthrown by Salaverry: In 1835, a young military leader named Felipe Santiago Salaverry overthrew Orbegoso. This meant Salaverry took power from him.
However, Orbegoso still had strong support in southern Peru. With help from Andrés de Santa Cruz, who was the President of Bolivia, Orbegoso managed to regain his leadership. Salaverry was defeated and his leadership ended.
The Peru-Bolivian Confederacy
To thank Santa Cruz for his help, Orbegoso agreed to form a new country. This was called the Peru-Bolivian Confederacy. Santa Cruz became the "Supreme Protector" of this new confederacy. Orbegoso remained president, but only of the Republic of North Peru. This was one of the states within the larger confederacy.
Later Life
Eventually, Agustín Gamarra tried to regain power again. He had the support of Chile. Orbegoso's forces were defeated. Because of this, Orbegoso had to leave Peru for a time. He later returned but stayed away from politics. He passed away in Trujillo in 1847.
See also
In Spanish: Luis José de Orbegoso para niños
