Magnesium oxide facts for kids

Magnesium oxide, also known as magnesia, is a common chemical compound. It is a white, solid mineral. Magnesium oxide is made up of two elements: magnesium and oxygen. Its chemical formula is MgO.

Magnesium oxide is found naturally as the mineral periclase. It is an important material used in many different ways. For example, it helps make books last longer in libraries. It also works as an insulator for electrical wires. This means it stops electricity from flowing where it shouldn't.

What is Magnesium Oxide?

Magnesium oxide is a simple compound. It has one atom of magnesium and one atom of oxygen. It looks like a white powder. It does not have any smell.

How it is Made

Magnesium oxide is usually made by heating magnesium carbonate or magnesium hydroxide. When these compounds are heated, they break down. This process leaves behind magnesium oxide.

Uses of Magnesium Oxide

Magnesium oxide has many important uses. It is known for being able to handle very high temperatures. This makes it useful in many industries.

In Industry

• Refractory Material: Magnesium oxide can withstand extreme heat. Because of this, it is used to line furnaces and kilns. These are special ovens used in industries like steelmaking and cement production.
• Electrical Insulator: It helps keep electricity safely in wires. This is important for many electrical devices.
• Building Materials: It is used in some building materials. This includes special cements and boards.
• Agriculture: Farmers use it as a source of magnesium for plants. Magnesium is an important nutrient for healthy plant growth.

In Medicine

Magnesium oxide can also be used in medicine.

• Antacid: It helps to treat heartburn and upset stomachs. It works by reducing the amount of acid in the stomach.
• Laxative: Sometimes, it is used to help with constipation. It helps to move things through the digestive system.
• Dietary Supplement: It can be taken as a supplement. This helps people get enough magnesium in their diet. Magnesium is important for strong bones and muscles.

Properties of Magnesium Oxide

Magnesium oxide is a very stable compound. It has a high melting point. This means it needs a lot of heat to turn into a liquid.

Physical Properties

Magnesium oxide is a white solid. It is quite dense, meaning it is heavy for its size. It melts at a very high temperature, around 2852 degrees Celsius. It boils at an even higher temperature, about 3600 degrees Celsius.

Chemical Properties

Magnesium oxide can dissolve in acids and ammonia. However, it does not dissolve in alcohol. When it reacts with water, it forms magnesium hydroxide.

Safety and Handling

Magnesium oxide is generally safe. However, like many powders, it can cause irritation. If you breathe in too much of its dust, it might irritate your nose, throat, or lungs. It is always best to handle chemicals with care.

Images for kids

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  A sample of magnesium oxide powder.

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  A model showing the crystal structure of magnesium oxide, similar to table salt.

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  An unpolished crystal of magnesium oxide.

See also

In Spanish: Óxido de magnesio para niños