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Spitsbergen
Spitsbergen.png
Map of the Svalbard archipelago, with Spitsbergen emphasized in solid red. Inset shows the islands' place in Northern Europe.
Geography
Location Arctic Ocean
Archipelago Svalbard
Area 37,673 km2 (14,546 sq mi)
Area rank 36th
Highest elevation 1,717 m (5,633 ft)
Highest point Newtontoppen
Administration
Norway
Largest settlement Longyearbyen
Demographics
Population 2,642 (2012)
Spitsbergen marine features with towns labelled copy

Spitsbergen (which is also spelled Spitzbergen) is the largest island of the archipelago Svalbard. It was called West Spitsbergen until 1965. The name East Spitsbergen was proposed for the third-largest island of the group, Edgeøya.

Today, it is the only island on Svalvard which is settled permanently. The island has a size of about 380 kilometres (240 mi) by 220 kilometres (140 mi)

There are only few active settlements on Spitsbergen, among them

  • Barentsburg, about 500 people
  • Longyearbyen, main settlement, about 2.500 people
  • Ny-Ålesund, scientific station, about 30-35 peolple
  • Sveagruva,mining town, about 300, many commuting from Longyearbyen

There are several abandoned ones:

  • Grumant, mining town, abandoned in 1965
  • Colesbukta, shipping terminal for Grumant, about half-way between Grumant and Barentsburg.
  • Ny-London, mining town, abandoned in the 1920s. Near Ny-Alesund
  • Pyramiden, mining town, mostly abandoned in the 1990s

Images for kids

  • Barentsz arctic map

    Portion of 1599 map of Arctic exploration by the Dutch explorer Willem Barentsz. Spitsbergen, here mapped for the first time, appears as Het Nieuwe Land (Dutch for "the New Land"), center-left.

  • Walvisvangst bij de kust van Spitsbergen - Dutch whalers near Spitsbergen (Abraham Storck, 1690)

    Dutch whalers near Spitsbergen by Abraham Storck, (1690)

  • Spitsbergen labelled

    Map of Spitsbergen

  • Bucentaur i Bellsund 1906-08-17

    A 1906 photograph of the Norwegian whaling factory ship Bucentaur in Bellsund, Spitsbergen

  • Hornsund1 (js)

    Hornsund Polish Arctic Station, photographed in 2003

  • Lilliehookfjorden1 (js)

    Lilliehöökfjorden

  • Skottehytta-070820

    Skottehytta in Petuniabukta, Spitsbergen - polar base of Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poland

  • Hillside mine on Svalbard

    Abandoned mine at Longyearbyen

  • MS Horyzont II Isbjornhamna-1

    Ships, such as MS Horyzont, are a common way for scientists to get around the island

  • Mountains (js) 11

    Snow is common throughout the year

  • Svalbard poppy (Papaver dahlianum)

    Svalbard poppy

  • Svalbardrein pho

    Svalbard reindeer

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