Transfection facts for kids
Transfection is a special process where scientists put new DNA or RNA into cells on purpose. Think of it like giving a cell a new set of instructions! The word "transfection" comes from combining "transformation" (meaning a change) and "infection" (meaning something entering).
Scientists use transfection for a few different things:
- Changing bacterial (germ) cells by giving them genetic material from viruses.
- Adding pure DNA to animal cells that are growing in a lab. This new DNA becomes part of the cell's own genome (its complete set of genetic instructions).
- Putting special RNA into cells or embryos. This can help the cells make certain proteins or even turn off specific genes.
- Using a changed virus to carry new genes into cells as part of Gene therapy.
Sometimes, when cells go through transfection, they might look or act a little different than expected. Also, if RNA is used, the changes usually don't last forever in the future generations of those cells.
What is a DNA Construct?
A DNA construct is like a tiny, custom-made piece of genetic material. Scientists build it in the lab to put into a specific cell or tissue. This construct often has a special part called a DNA insert. This insert contains the instructions (gene sequence) for making a particular protein that scientists are interested in.
The DNA insert is the most important part of what's called a molecular biology vector. A vector is simply a tool used to carry foreign genetic material into another cell. When scientists do transfection on animal cells, they usually make tiny, temporary holes in the cell membrane. These small holes allow the cells to take in the vector with the new genetic material.
Images for kids
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Electroporator used in labs to help cells take in new DNA.
See also
In Spanish: Transfección para niños
