Treaty of Rawalpindi facts for kids
The Anglo-Afghan Treaty of 1919, also known as the Treaty of Rawalpindi, was an important agreement. It officially ended the Third Anglo-Afghan War. This treaty was signed on August 8, 1919. Representatives from Great Britain and Afghanistan signed it in Rawalpindi.
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What Was the Anglo-Afghan Treaty of 1919?
This treaty was a peace agreement. It marked the end of a short but important war. The war was fought between the British Empire and Afghanistan. The treaty helped to define the future relationship between the two countries.
When and Where Was It Signed?
The treaty was signed on August 8, 1919. The signing took place in the city of Rawalpindi. At that time, Rawalpindi was part of British India. Today, it is a major city in Pakistan.
Who Signed the Treaty?
The treaty was signed by representatives from two sides:
- Great Britain: Representing the British Empire.
- Afghanistan: Representing the independent country of Afghanistan.
What Did the Treaty Mean for Afghanistan?
The treaty had several key points for Afghanistan:
- Independence Recognized: Great Britain officially recognized Afghanistan as a fully independent country. This was a very important step for Afghanistan.
- Border Agreement: Afghanistan agreed to accept all border arrangements that had been made before. This included the Durand Line. The Durand Line became the international border between Afghanistan and British India.
- No More British Money: Britain stopped giving money (subsidies) to Afghanistan. This meant Afghanistan would manage its own finances.
What Did the Treaty Mean for Great Britain?
For Great Britain, the treaty also brought important changes:
- Recognizing Independence: Britain formally accepted Afghanistan's independence. This changed their relationship from one of influence to one of equal countries.
- Border Limits: British India agreed not to extend its territory past the Khyber Pass. This famous mountain pass was an important boundary.
- Ending Subsidies: Britain stopped its financial support to Afghanistan.
The Durand Line
A very important part of the treaty was the acceptance of the Durand Line. This line was drawn in 1893. It marked the border between Afghanistan and British India. By signing the treaty, Afghanistan agreed to recognize this line as its official international border.
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