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USS Constitution facts for kids

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Not to be confused with United States Constitution.
USS Constitution underway, August 19, 2012 by Castle Island cropped
USS Constitution, August 2012

USS Constitution is a wooden, three-masted heavy frigate of the United States Navy. Named by President George Washington after the Constitution of the United States of America, she is the world's oldest commissioned naval vessel afloat.

It was constructed in 1794. It was later launched in 1797, Constitution was one of six original frigates authorized for construction by the Naval Act of 1794 and the third constructed. Joshua Humphreys designed the frigates to be the young Navy's capital ships, and so Constitution and her sisters were larger and more heavily armed and built than standard frigates of the period. Built in Boston, Massachusetts, at Edmund Hartt's shipyard, her first duties with the newly formed United States Navy were to provide protection for American merchant shipping during the Quasi-War with France and to defeat the Barbary pirates in the First Barbary War.

Constitution is most famous for her actions during the War of 1812 against Great Britain, when she captured numerous merchant ships and defeated five British warships: HMS Guerriere, Java, Pictou, Cyane and Levant.

On August 19, 1812, the Constitution and HMS Guerriere fought a battle about 400 miles (650 Km) southeast of Halifax, Nova Scotia. The captains were Isaac Hull of U.S. andJames Richard Dacres of U.K. At around 2:00pm the USS Constitution found the HMS Guerriere, and attacked and damaged the Guerriere. One American officer was killed and another wounded by musket fire. Captain Dacres was also wounded. A shot to the cabin set fire to the USS Constitution. The HMS Guerriere was also severely burned and damaged. While Dacres was preparing to set sail and continue the battle against the Americans, it became obvious the that the ship was about to sink. Dacres was asked if he was ready for surrender. He said he didn't know but that they could no longer fight. Later, he surrendered and the HMS Guerriere sank.

The battle with Guerriere earned her the nickname of "Old Ironsides" and public adoration that has repeatedly saved her from scrapping. She continued to serve the nation as flagship in the Mediterranean and African squadrons, and circled the world in the 1840s.

During the American Civil War she served as a training ship for the United States Naval Academy and carried artwork and industrial displays to the Paris Exposition of 1878. Retired from active service in 1881, she served as a receiving ship until designated a museum ship in 1907 and in 1934 she completed a three-year, 90-port tour of the nation. Constitution sailed under her own power for her 200th birthday in 1997, and again in August 2012, to commemorate the 200th anniversary of her victory over Guerriere.

Images for kids

  • A painting depicting Constitution at sail. The bow of the ship points to the right of the frame

    Constitution c. 1803–04

  • A painting of a ship with all sails up and a pursuing squadron behind it. In the foreground are small boats.

    Constitution during the chase

  • A painting depicts two ships at battle. Constitution is at the right of the frame with torn sails. Guerriere is in the middle of the frame with damaged masts and a lot of cannon smoke around her deck.

    Constitution and Guerriere in battle.

  • A penciled line drawing depicting two ships and their course of engagement

    Diagram of the battle between Constitution and Java

  • A wooden representation of President Andrew Jackson

    The Andrew Jackson figurehead as depicted by Harpers Weekly in 1875

  • A photograph of a ship out of the water and under repair

    The earliest known photograph of Constitution, undergoing repairs in 1858

  • Photograph of a ship out of the water and partially disassembled

    Philadelphia Navy Yard 1874

  • A ship tied to dock with a housing structure over top of the decks

    As a barracks ship in Boston c. 1905

  • Photograph of a ship being towed through a canal

    Transiting the Panama Canal 1932

  • A postage stamp accurately depicts Constitution at sail. The ship sails to the right side of the stamp.

    USS ConstitutionCommemorative stamp, 150th anniversary issue of 1947

  • Inside the USS Constitution

    Inside USS Constitution in 2015

  • A photo of a ship without sails. There is white cannon smoke emitting from the left and right sides of the ship. A tugboat is alongside

    Constitution fires a 21-gun salute toward Fort Independence

  • Flickr - Official U.S. Navy Imagery - USS Constitution sails into Boston Harbor

    Constitution sails into Boston Harbor

  • USS Constitution in drydock in Boston, 2016

    USS Constitution in dry dock for restoration work in 2016

  • USS Constitution in dock

    USS Constitution in dock, 2018

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