Anthrax (disease) facts for kids
Anthrax is a serious disease that can affect both humans and animals. It is caused by a tiny living thing called a bacterium, specifically Bacillus anthracis. This disease is often found in hoofed animals like cows, sheep, and goats.
The bacteria that cause anthrax can form tough, protective coverings called spores. These spores are very strong and can survive in the environment for a very long time, even hundreds of years!
Humans usually get anthrax from contact with infected animals or animal products. It is very rare for anthrax to spread directly from one person to another. Luckily, if caught early, anthrax can be treated with special medicines called antibiotics. There is also a vaccine available that can help prevent the disease. Without treatment, anthrax can be very dangerous and often leads to death.
How Do Animals and Humans Get Anthrax?
Animals like cattle, sheep, and goats can get anthrax by eating or breathing in the bacteria's spores from contaminated soil or plants. Once inside the animal, the bacteria multiply and cause the disease.
Humans usually get anthrax in a few ways:
- Skin contact: If you touch infected animals or animal products (like wool or hides) that have the spores, the bacteria can enter through cuts or scrapes on your skin. This is the most common type of anthrax in humans.
- Breathing in spores: If you breathe in a lot of spores, especially in places where animals are processed or where the soil is contaminated, the bacteria can get into your lungs. This is a very serious form of anthrax.
- Eating contaminated food: Although rare, you can get anthrax by eating undercooked meat from an infected animal.
Different Kinds of Anthrax
Scientists have found many different kinds, or strains, of the anthrax bacteria. One well-known strain is called the Ames strain. In 2001, this strain was used in a harmful way against the United States. It was sent through the mail as a type of biological weapon, which means using germs to cause sickness. This event showed how dangerous anthrax can be.
See also
In Spanish: Carbunco para niños
