Edward, the Black Prince facts for kids

The Black Prince's coat of arms, as heir to the English throne.

Effigy on tomb of Edward in Canterbury Cathedral

Edward, the Black Prince (born 15 June 1330 – died 8 June 1376) was a famous English prince and soldier. He was the oldest son of King Edward III of England. Edward was born at Woodstock Palace in Oxfordshire.

He is known in history as "the Black Prince." No one is completely sure why he got this nickname. Some people think it was because of the black armor he wore. Others believe it was because of his fierce reputation in battle.

Becoming a Prince and Soldier

Edward became the Prince of Wales in 1343. This title is usually given to the oldest son of the King or Queen of England. As a young man, he joined his father in battles against France. This was during a long conflict known as the Hundred Years' War.

Early Military Successes

Edward quickly became a skilled and famous soldier. He helped his father win the important Battle of Crécy in 1346. This battle was a big victory for England. Later, in 1356, he led the English army to victory at the Battle of Poitiers. These battles showed his great military leadership.

Founding the Order of the Garter

Edward was also a founding member of the Order of the Garter. This is a very old and important group of knights in England. It was created by his father, King Edward III. Being a member showed his high status and bravery.

Family Life and Later Years

In 1361, Edward married his cousin, Joan of Kent. They had two sons together. Their first son was named Edward, but he sadly died when he was only six years old. Their second son was named Richard.

Governorship in Aquitaine

After his military successes, Edward was given control of a region in France called Aquitaine. He ruled this area for several years. However, his health began to decline during this time.

His Death and Legacy

Edward the Black Prince died at the age of 45 in 1376. He was buried in Canterbury Cathedral. Since his father, King Edward III, was still alive, Edward never became king himself. Before he died, he asked his father to make his son Richard the Prince of Wales. Richard later became King Richard II of England.

Images for kids

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  The Black Prince at Crécy by Julian Russell Story, 1888. It shows the prince after the battle.

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  Edward the Black Prince receives the grant of Aquitaine from his father, King Edward III. This is from an old book.

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  The Battle of Poitiers, from an old French history book.

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  Edward is granted Aquitaine by his father King Edward III. From an old book, 1390.

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  An illustration from the 1800s showing the Black Prince's march through Roncesvalles.

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  The siege of Limoges in 1370.

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  His tomb effigy in Canterbury Cathedral.

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  The original heraldic achievements of Prince Edward, displayed in Canterbury Cathedral.

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  The coat of arms of Edward the Black Prince at Canterbury Cathedral.

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  A signet ring of the Black Prince found in France. It is now in the Louvre in Paris.

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  An illustration of the Black Prince from the 1800s.

See also

In Spanish: Eduardo de Woodstock para niños