Cleopatra III facts for kids
Quick facts for kids Cleopatra III |
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Cleopatra III at Kom Ombo
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| Queen of Egypt | |
| Reign | 142—131 BC |
| Predecessor | Ptolemy VIII and Cleopatra II |
| Successor | Cleopatra II |
| Co-rulers | Ptolemy VIII Cleopatra II |
| Reign | 127–101 BC |
| Predecessor | Cleopatra II |
| Successor | Ptolemy X and Berenice III |
| Co-rulers | Ptolemy VIII (127–116 BC) Cleopatra II (124–116 BC) Ptolemy IX (116–107 BC) Ptolemy X (107–101 BC) |
| Born | c. 160 – 155 BC |
| Died | 101 BC |
| Spouse | Ptolemy VIII of Egypt (uncle and step-father) |
| Issue | Ptolemy IX Ptolemy X Cleopatra IV Cleopatra Selene Tryphaena |
| Dynasty | Ptolemaic |
| Father | Ptolemy VI of Egypt |
| Mother | Cleopatra II of Egypt |
| Cleopatra III in hieroglyphs | |||||||||||||||
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Lady of the Two Lands, Mighty Bull |
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Cleopatra III (Greek: Κλεοπάτρα) was a powerful queen of Egypt. She was born around 160 to 155 BC. She ruled alongside her family members for many years.
At first, she shared power with her mother, Cleopatra II, and her husband, Ptolemy VIII. This was from 142 to 131 BC, and again from 127 to 116 BC. Later, she ruled with her sons, Ptolemy IX and Ptolemy X. This period lasted from 116 to 101 BC. Cleopatra III was also known by other names, like Cleopatra Euergetis and Cleopatra Philometor Soteira.
Life as a Queen
Cleopatra III's uncle, Ptolemy VIII, ruled Egypt with her parents, Ptolemy VI and Cleopatra II. This was around 170 BC. Later, Ptolemy VIII briefly took over the throne alone. But he was soon forced to step down.
Her parents then became rulers again. They stayed in power for nearly 20 years. Cleopatra III was born during this time. She had several brothers and sisters.
In 145 BC, her father, Ptolemy VI, died after a battle. Her uncle, Ptolemy VIII, then became the King of Egypt once more.
Sharing Power with Family
Ptolemy VIII first married Cleopatra III's mother, Cleopatra II. This happened in 145 BC. A few years later, around 139 BC, he also married Cleopatra III. This meant Cleopatra III was married to her uncle and stepfather.
Around 132 BC, Cleopatra II had a disagreement with Ptolemy VIII. Cleopatra III and her husband had to leave Egypt. They went to Cyprus in 130 BC. But they returned to Alexandria in 127 BC. By 124 BC, Cleopatra III, her husband, and her mother were all ruling Egypt together.
Ruling with Her Sons
Ptolemy VIII passed away in 116 BC. After his death, Cleopatra III ruled with her mother, Cleopatra II, and her son, Ptolemy IX. Her mother died later that same year or early the next.
Cleopatra III later sent Ptolemy IX away from Alexandria in 107 BC. She then chose her second son, Ptolemy X, to rule with her. They ruled together for six years. Sadly, in 101 BC, Ptolemy X arranged for his mother, Cleopatra III, to be killed. After her death, Ptolemy X became the ruler. He may have shared power with his wife, Berenice III, who was Cleopatra III's granddaughter.
Her Children
Cleopatra III and Ptolemy VIII had five children together. They married around 142 or 141 BC.
| Name | Birth | Death | Notes |
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| Ptolemy IX | 142 BC | December 81 BC | He ruled Egypt with his mother and grandmother. He was sent away to Cyprus, but later ruled with his mother again. |
| Ptolemy X | 140 BC? | 88–87 BC | He was King of Cyprus before ruling Egypt with his mother. |
| Tryphaena | c. 140 BC | 110/09 BC | She married Antiochus VIII Grypus, a king from another land. |
| Cleopatra IV | 138–135 BC? | 112 BC | She was married to Ptolemy IX and ruled with him for a short time. Later, she married another king, Antiochus IX Cyzicenus. |
| Cleopatra Selene | 135–130 BC? | 69 BC | She married Ptolemy IX and possibly Ptolemy X. She also married several other kings from Syria. |
See also
In Spanish: Cleopatra III para niños
