Congress of Arras facts for kids
The Congress of Arras was an important meeting held in the city of Arras in 1435. This meeting brought together representatives from three powerful groups: England, France, and Burgundy. It happened late in the Hundred Years' War, a long conflict between England and France.
The main goal for the English was to talk about peace with the French. However, something unexpected happened. Philip the Good, who was the powerful duke of Burgundy, decided to make peace directly with Charles VII of France. This was a big surprise and a major diplomatic victory for France. It was also a huge blow to England, because Philip the Good had been their strong ally for 16 years.
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What Was the Hundred Years' War?
The Hundred Years' War was a series of conflicts between the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of France. It lasted for more than 100 years, from 1337 to 1453. The main reason for the war was who should rule France. English kings claimed the French throne.
Key Players in the War
- England: Led by kings like Henry VI of England during the time of the Congress of Arras.
- France: Led by kings like Charles VII of France.
- Burgundy: A very powerful duchy (a territory ruled by a duke) that was often allied with England.
Why Was the Congress of Arras Important?
The Congress of Arras was a turning point in the Hundred Years' War. It showed how alliances could change quickly.
The Treaty of Arras (1435)
The most important outcome of the Congress was the signing of the Treaty of Arras. This treaty officially made peace between Philip the Good of Burgundy and Charles VII of France.
- Burgundy's Change of Sides: For 16 years, Philip the Good had been a strong supporter of England. His decision to switch sides and make peace with France greatly weakened England's position in the war.
- French Victory: The treaty was a huge diplomatic win for France. It meant that France no longer had to fight against both England and Burgundy. This allowed them to focus their efforts on defeating England.
England's Reaction
The English were very upset by the treaty. They had hoped to negotiate a peace that would benefit them. Instead, they lost a crucial ally. Richard the Lionheart is mentioned in some old texts, but he lived much earlier than this time. The English representatives at the Congress refused to accept the terms of the treaty.
After the Treaty
After the Treaty of Arras, the Hundred Years' War continued for another 18 years. However, France gained a significant advantage. With Burgundy no longer on England's side, France was able to push back the English forces. The war eventually ended in 1453 with a French victory.
