Duque de Caxias facts for kids
Duque de Caxias is a large city in the state of Rio de Janeiro, located in southeastern Brazil. Around 900,000 people live there. The city covers an area of about 464.573 square kilometers (179.372 square miles). It is named after a famous Brazilian historical figure, Luís Alves de Lima e Silva, who was known as the Duke of Caxias.
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Who Was the Duke of Caxias?
Luís Alves de Lima e Silva, the Duke of Caxias, was a very important Brazilian soldier and politician. He was born in 1803 and passed away in 1880. People often call him the "Peacemaker" because he helped end many conflicts in Brazil. He is considered one of Brazil's greatest military heroes.
Early Life and Military Career
Luís Alves de Lima e Silva was born into a family with a military background. His father was also a soldier. He started his military training at a young age. He quickly showed great skill and leadership.
Fighting for Brazil's Unity
Brazil faced many challenges after becoming independent. Different regions sometimes rebelled against the central government. Caxias played a key role in putting down these rebellions. He helped keep Brazil united as one country.
- He fought in the Liberal rebellions of 1842 in provinces like Minas Gerais and São Paulo.
- He also helped end the Ragamuffin War (Guerra dos Farrapos) in southern Brazil. This was a long and difficult conflict. His actions helped bring peace to the region.
Political Career and Leadership
Besides being a soldier, Caxias was also a powerful politician. He served as a senator and even as the Prime Minister of Brazil several times. He worked closely with Emperor Pedro II.
Role in the Paraguayan War
One of Caxias's most famous roles was during the Paraguayan War (1864-1870). This was one of the biggest wars in South American history. Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay fought against Paraguay.
- Caxias became the commander of the Brazilian forces.
- He led the army through many difficult battles.
- His leadership was crucial in helping the Triple Alliance (Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay) win the war.
Legacy and Honors
Luís Alves de Lima e Silva was given many honors for his service. He was made a Baron, then a Count, a Marquis, and finally the Duke of Caxias. This was the highest title of nobility in Brazil.
The Peacemaker
His nickname, "The Peacemaker," shows how important he was in bringing stability to Brazil. He believed in keeping the country together and avoiding civil war.
National Hero
Today, Caxias is remembered as a national hero in Brazil. The Brazilian Army celebrates his birthday as "Soldier's Day." Many cities, streets, and military units are named after him, including the city of Duque de Caxias.
Images for kids
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María Ángela Furriol, who may have been Caxias' fiancée
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Ana Luísa de Loreto, Caxias's wife, as a child
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Luís Alves de Lima e Silva, as the Baron of Caxias, around age 38
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Sabará, a town Caxias marched into during the 1842 rebellion
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The then-Count of Caxias, around age 43
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The steamship Dom Afonso, used by Caxias for scouting
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Caxias around age 54
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Caxias around age 58
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Emperor Pedro II (raising hat) with Caxias (center) during a military parade
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Caxias in Paraguay, wearing a simple campaign uniform
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Caxias leading the Brazilian army
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Caxias around age 74
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Monument in honor of the Duke of Caxias in São Paulo
See also
In Spanish: Luís Alves de Lima e Silva para niños
