Geological Exploration of the Fortieth Parallel facts for kids
The Geological Exploration of the Fortieth Parallel was an important scientific journey. It was a geological survey (which means exploring the Earth's rocks and land) that happened in the western United States. People often call it the Fortieth Parallel Survey.
This big project was ordered by the United States government. The Secretary of War, who was in charge of the army, gave the command. This happened because of special laws passed by Congress in 1867 and 1869.
A famous geologist named Clarence King led this survey. He was a U.S. geologist. The survey team worked in the field from 1867 to 1872. They explored a huge area along the 40th parallel north. This line of latitude goes across the country. Their journey started in northeastern California. They traveled through Nevada and ended in eastern Wyoming.
What Did They Discover?
The Fortieth Parallel Survey gathered a lot of new information. The team studied the land, rocks, and plants. They learned much about the geology of the American West.
Sharing the Discoveries
After years of hard work, the survey's findings were shared with the public. They published their results in eight large books. These books were called the Fortieth Parallel Survey reports.
One special book was a list of plants. It was called "List of plants collected in Nevada and Utah, 1867-69". A scientist named Sereno Watson collected these plants. This book helped people learn about the different types of plants growing in these areas.
The survey also created many detailed maps. These maps were put together in special books called atlases. The "Atlas accompanying the report of the Geological Exploration of the Fortieth Parallel" was made in 1876. These maps showed the mountains, rivers, and rock formations. They were very helpful for understanding the geography of the West.
