James Johnston (British Army officer, died 1797) facts for kids

James Johnston by his commanding officer, George Townshend

James Johnston (born around 1721 – died 1797) was an important general in the British Army. He had a long and successful military career, serving in many different roles and battles.

Who Was James Johnston?

James Johnston was a well-known general in the British Army. He was born around 1721 and passed away in 1797. He came from a family with a history of military service and important public roles.

Early Life and Family

James Johnston was the only son of Captain George Johnston. His family came from Hilton in Berwickshire, Scotland. His mother was Hester Bland. James also had a sister named Mary. She married Francis Napier, 6th Lord Napier. His grandfather, Sir Patrick Johnston, was a very important person in Edinburgh. He served as the Lord Provost of Edinburgh three times.

A Military Career

James Johnston started his army career at a young age. He joined the 13th Regiment of Dragoons in 1736. Dragoons were soldiers who rode horses. He later moved to the Royal Dragoons in 1739.

Rising Through the Ranks

Johnston quickly moved up in rank. He became a major in the Royal Dragoons. In 1754, he was promoted to lieutenant-colonel in the 13th Dragoons. A few years later, in 1759, he returned to the Royal Dragoons as their lieutenant-colonel. He led this regiment in Germany.

Important Roles and Battles

Johnston fought bravely in several major battles. He served under Duke Ferdinand of Brunswick. He showed great skill at the Battle of Warburg in 1760. He was also wounded at the Battle of Kloster Kampen later that year.

In 1761, he became the Lieutenant Governor of Nevis. This meant he was in charge of the island. He was promoted to colonel in 1762. He then became a major-general, leading a cavalry group. As a sign of respect, he received a special gold snuff-box from Prince Charles.

In 1763, Johnston was made Lieutenant-Governor of Minorca. He continued to rise in rank, becoming a major-general in 1770. He also became the colonel of the 9th Regiment of Dragoons in 1771.

Later, in 1774, he became the Governor of Quebec. This was an important position in Canada. He held this role until his death. He was promoted to lieutenant-general in 1777 and then to full general in 1793.

Later Life and Legacy

James Johnston was known as one of the best swordsmen of his time. In 1763, he married Lady Henrietta West. She was the daughter of John West, 1st Earl De La Warr. They had children together.

General Johnston passed away in 1797 at his home in Hampton. He was buried in Westminster Abbey, a very famous church in London. After his death, Staats Long Morris took over as Governor of Quebec.