Jarosław Dąbrowski facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Jarosław Dąbrowski
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| Nickname(s) | Żądło, Łokietek |
| Born | 13 November 1836 Żytomierz, Volhynian Governorate, Russian Empire (now Zhytomyr, Ukraine) |
| Died | 23 May 1871 (aged 34) Paris, France |
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| Years of service | 1845–1864 1871 |
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| Commands held | National Guard |
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| Awards |  Order of Saint Stanislaus |
| Family | Radwan coat of arms |
Jarosław Dąbrowski (born November 13, 1836 – died May 23, 1871) was a Polish nobleman and a military officer. He was a strong supporter of Poland's independence and a general for the Paris Commune. The Paris Commune was a revolutionary government that took control of Paris for a short time in 1871.
Dąbrowski was also a leader in the Polish January Uprising of 1863. This was a major rebellion against Russian rule in Poland. He was part of the "Red" group, which wanted big changes for Poland.
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Early Life and Family
Jarosław Dąbrowski was born in 1836 in a town called Żytomierz. This town was part of the Russian Empire at the time. Today, it is known as Zhytomyr in Ukraine.
His family, the Żądło-Dąbrowski z Dąbrówki, was an old Polish noble family. They used the Radwan coat of arms. His father was Wiktor Żądło-Dąbrowski, and his mother was Zofia Falkenhagen-Zaleska.
Military Training and Rebellions
When he was just 9 years old in 1845, Dąbrowski joined the Imperial Russian Army. He trained to become an officer at the Brest-Litovsk Fortress for eight years. Later, he finished his studies at the St. Petersburg Cadet Corps in 1855.
As a Russian officer, he fought in the Caucasian War. This war was against local mountain groups. In 1859, he joined the General Staff Academy in St. Petersburg. There, he became a leader of a secret group called the "Officers' Committee of the First Army." This group included many Russian and Polish officers. They worked with a revolutionary group called "Zemlya i Volya" (Land and Liberty).
Dąbrowski helped plan the January Uprising in Poland. However, he was arrested on August 14, 1862. He was sent away to Siberia because he was involved in a plan against the Russian ruler, Tsar Alexander II. In 1865, he managed to escape from Siberia and fled to France.
Role in the Paris Commune
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In early 1871, after a long siege by the Prussians, a new group called the Paris Commune took control of Paris. This group was made up of socialists and anarchists. They declared Paris independent from the French government.
Jarosław Dąbrowski was elected to the Council of the Paris Commune. He was one of the few soldiers with real military experience. Because of this, he was quickly made the Commander-in-Chief of the Commune's forces.
On May 21, 1871, the French Army attacked Paris. Many people in the National Guard quickly looked for someone to blame. Dąbrowski was wrongly accused of taking money to give up the city. He was very upset by these false rumors. The rumors stopped when he died two days later from wounds he got fighting on the barricades. His last reported words were, "Do they still say I was a traitor?" The Paris Commune fell on May 28, 1871.
Mistaken Identity
For a long time, a photo of a Paris pianist named Henri Dombrowski was wrongly used as a picture of General Jarosław Dąbrowski. A photographer named Pierre Petit sold many copies of this incorrect photo. Because of this, many statues and pictures of Jarosław Dąbrowski actually show the pianist instead.
Legacy and Remembrance
Jarosław Dąbrowski is remembered in Poland and other places. Several schools and roads are named after him in Poland. One of the most famous is the Military University of Technology in Warsaw.
During the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939), a group of volunteer fighters was named the Dabrowski Battalion in his honor. These units were known as the Dąbrowszczacy in Polish.
Images for kids
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The house in Zhytomyr where Dąbrowski was born.
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A monument dedicated to Dąbrowski in Zhytomyr.
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A memorial on the Zhytomyr house where Dąbrowski was born.
See also
In Spanish: Jaroslaw Dombrowski para niños
- Paris Commune
- List of famous Polish military figures
