Juan Marinello facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Juan Marinello
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Marinello in 1940
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| Born | Juan Marinello Vidaurreta 2 November 1898 Villa Clara Province, Cuba |
| Died | 27 March 1977 (aged 78) Havana, Cuba |
| Occupation | Poet, essayist, politician |
| Nationality | Cuban |
| Alma mater | University of Havana |
| Notable awards | Order of the October Revolution |
Juan Marinello Vidaurreta (born November 2, 1898 – died March 27, 1977) was an important Cuban writer, poet, and politician. He was also a lawyer and a strong supporter of communist ideas. Marinello was a very well-known thinker in Cuba, both before and after the Cuban Revolution.
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About Juan Marinello
Juan Marinello was born in Cuba. His father was Spanish and his mother was Cuban.
Early Life and Education
When he was a child, Marinello moved to Spain with his family. He studied there until he was 16 years old. After returning to Cuba, he continued his studies in Santa Clara. Later, he attended the University of Havana. He earned several advanced degrees in law, philosophy, and literature. He even received a scholarship to study further in Madrid, Spain.
Political Ideas and Friendships
Marinello was good friends with another famous Cuban thinker, Jorge Mañach, when they were young. However, their friendship ended because of their different political views. In the 1930s, Marinello became involved with the Communist Party of Cuba. Mañach, who came from a wealthy family, was always against communism.
Marinello was very active in politics. He strongly believed that Cuba should be free from foreign control. This belief often led to him being forced to leave Cuba and live in other countries.
Writing and Activism
Marinello helped start the magazine Venezuela Libre with Rubén Martínez Villena. He also helped create the Instituto Hispano Cubano de Cultura in 1926. In 1927, he was part of starting the Revista de Avance, a well-known magazine. That same year, he published Liberación, which is considered one of his best poetry books.
When he was forced to live in Mexico, Juan Marinello taught at a university. He also wrote for many publications that supported left-wing political ideas.
Return to Cuba and Later Life
Marinello returned to Cuba after the dictator Gerardo Machado was overthrown. However, he was soon removed from his teaching job. This happened because he was the director of La Word, a newspaper started by the Communist Party of Cuba. He went back to Mexico in 1936 and 1937, where he wrote articles about the Spanish Civil War.
In 1937, Marinello traveled to Spain during the Civil War with Nicolás Guillén, another famous Cuban writer. They attended a meeting for writers who supported culture. After returning to Cuba, Marinello became an important leader in the Popular Socialist Party. This party supported the government of Fulgencio Batista during World War II. Marinello even became a member of Batista's government.
Later, when the Popular Socialist Party was banned, Marinello was arrested several times by Batista's government. After the Cuban Revolution succeeded, led by Fidel Castro and Che Guevara, Marinello was appointed head of the University of Havana in 1962. He helped make big changes to the university system.
Marinello wrote for many literary publications in Cuba and other countries like the Soviet Union, France, and Mexico. He also represented Cuba at UNESCO. He held important positions in the Cuban government and was a member of the Central Committee until he passed away naturally on March 27, 1977, at 78 years old.
Marinello's Works
Juan Marinello was very interested in the writings of José Martí, a Cuban national hero. He wrote many important studies about Martí, including:
- Actualidad de Martí. Master of unity (1942)
- José Martí, American writer: Martí and Modernism (1961)
- Eleven Martian essays (1965)
- Major Poetry of Martí (1973)
Marinello was a poet who wrote about politics and anti-imperialism. However, his poems also explored deeper, more philosophical meanings. Besides his studies on Martí, some of his notable essays include:
- Youth and Old Age (1928)
- Americanism and Literary Cubanism (1932)
- Spanish Moment (1939)
- On Cuban Restlessness and Picasso Without Time (1942)
- Contemporary (1965)
See also
In Spanish: Juan Marinello Vidaurreta para niños
