List of cities in Kazakhstan facts for kids
Kazakhstan is a large country in Central Asia. As of 2017, about 53% of the people in Kazakhstan live in cities. This means more than half of the population lives in urban areas.
Kazakhstan has plans to make its cities even more modern. They want to help more people move to cities. By the year 2030, they hope that 70% of people will live in urban areas. This is a big change!
This page lists cities in Kazakhstan that have more than 50,000 people. You might notice that many city names have changed over time. This happened a lot in the 1900s and 2000s. We've included the older names where we can, so you can see how they've changed.
Major Cities of Kazakhstan
This table shows important information about the biggest cities in Kazakhstan. You can see their names in English and Kazakh. It also shows if they had a different name before. The table tells you when each city became an official city. You can also see how many people lived there in different years, from 1979 to 2023. This helps us see how cities have grown!
Insignia | Name English | Name Kazakh | Previous name | City since | 1979 | 1989 | 1999 | 2008 | 2023 | Status | Province |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aktau | Ақтау Aqtau [ɑqtɑw] |
Shevchenko | 1963 | 159,245 | 143,396 | 180,373 | 270,886 | 2 | Mangystau Province | ||
Aktobe | Ақтөбе Aqtöbe [ɑqtɵbʲe] |
Aktyubinsk | 1880 | 190,569 | 253,532 | 253,088 | 285,507 | 560,820 | 2 | Aktobe Province | |
Almaty | Алматы Almaty [ɑɫmɑtɯ] |
Vernyy, Верный, Alma-Ata, Алма́-Ата́ | 1867 | 909,644 | 1,127,884 | 1,129,356 | 1,328,362 | 2,217,700 | 1 | Capital 1929–1997 | |
Astana | Астана Astana [ɑstɑnɑ] |
Akmola, Akmolinsk,
Tselinograd, Nur-Sultan |
1831 | 233,638 | 277,365 | 312,965 | 389,189 | 1,417,214 | 1 | Capital | |
Arkalyk | Арқалық Arqalyq [ɑɾqɑɫɯq] |
1965 | 47,963 | 62,367 | 45,700 | 56,614 | 28,907 | 4 | Kostanay Province | ||
Atyrau | Атырау Atyrau [ɑtɯɾɑw] |
Guryev | 1885 | 130,916 | 149,261 | 142,497 | 158,308 | 315 274 | 2 | Atyrau province | |
Baikonur | Байқоңыр Baiqoñyr [bɑjqɔŋəɾ] |
Leninsk | 1969 | 74,700 | 60,200 | 59,452 | 76 019 | 1 | Kyzylorda Province | ||
Balqash | Балқаш Balqaş [bɑɫqaʂ] |
1937 | 78,145 | 86,742 | 81,100 | 86,897 | 81,364 | 3 | Karagandy Province | ||
Jezkazgan | Жезқазған Jezqazğan [ʐʲezqazɣɑn] |
Dzhezkazgan | 1954 | 89,200 | 107,053 | 103,400 | 112,154 | 85,012 | 3 | Karagandy Province | |
Karaganda | Қарағанды Qarağandy [qɑɾɑɣɑndɯ] |
1934 | 571,877 | 507,318 | 436,864 | 451,800 | 515,819 | 2 | Karagandy Province | ||
Kentau | Кентау Kentau [kʲentɑw] |
1955 | 62,991 | 63,784 | 58,100 | 60,799 | 74,464 | 4 | South Kazakhstan Province | ||
Kyzylorda | Қызылорда Qyzylorda [qɯzɯɫɔɾda] |
Perovsk,
Ak-Mechet |
1867 | 156,128 | 150,425 | 157,364 | 182,929 | 315 550 | 2 | Kyzylorda Province | |
Kokshetau | Көкшетау Kökşetau [kɵkʂʲetɑw] |
Kokchetav | 1824 | 103,162 | 135,424 | 123,389 | 132,753 | 191 105 | 2 | Akmola Province | |
Kostanay | Қостанай Qostanai [qɔstɑnɑj] |
Kustanay | 1893 | 164,500 | 223,558 | 221,429 | 249,395 | 265,718 | 2 | Kostanay Province | |
Janaozen | Жаңаөзен Jañaözen [ʐɑŋɑɵzʲen] |
Noviy Uzen' | 1968 | 34,000 | 48,300 | 51,100 | 60,796 | 152 431 | 3 | Mangystau Province | |
Pavlodar | Павлодар Pavlodar [pɑʋɫədɑɾ] |
1861 | 272,895 | 329,681 | 320,400 | 354,809 | 367 254 | 2 | Pavlodar Province | ||
Petropavl | Петропавл Petropavl [pʲetɾəpɑʋɯɫ] |
Petropavlovsk | 1807 | 206,559 | 239,606 | 216,300 | 208,547 | 222 076 | 2 | North Kazakhstan Province | |
Ridder | Риддер Ridder [ɾɪdˈdɛɾ] |
Leninogorsk | 1934 | 68,135 | 68,730 | 56,269 | 54,252 | 52 068 | 3 | East Kazakhstan Region | |
Saran | Саран Saran [sɑɾɑn] |
1954 | 54,878 | 63,900 | 48,500 | 49,082 | 34 636 | 3 | Karagandy Province | ||
Satpayev | Сәтбаев Sätbaev [sætpɑjef] |
1973 | 48,700 | 59,343 | 62,900 | 73,874 | 68 379 | 3 | Karagandy Region | ||
Semey | Семей Semei [sʲemʲej] |
Alash-kala, Semipalatinsk | 1782 | 282,574 | 317,112 | 292,500 | 312,136 | 328 782 | 3 | East Kazakhstan Region | |
Stepnogorsk | Степногорск Stepnogorsk [stʲepnɐɡɔɾsk] |
1964 | 46,700 | 63,300 | 50,900 | 47,705 | 68 460 | 3 | Akmola Province | ||
Taldykorgan | Талдықорған Taldyqorğan [tɑɫdɯqɔɾɣɑn] |
1944 | 87,948 | 118,623 | 107,100 | 114,728 | 168 674 | 2 | Almaty Province | ||
Taraz | Тараз Taraz [taɾaz] |
Talas, Zhambyl, Aulie-Ata | ancient | 263,793 | 303,961 | 330,125 | 398,233 | 427 394 | 2 | Jambyl Province | |
Temirtau | Теміртау Temırtau [tʲemɘɾtɑw] |
1945 | 213,026 | 213,551 | 181,800 | 179,520 | 171 890 | 3 | Karagandy Province | ||
Turkistan | Түркістан Türkıstan [tʏɾkɘstɑn] |
ancient | 66741 | 77,692 | 87,600 | 109,673 | 220,133 | 3 | South Kazakhstan Province | ||
Oral | Орал Oral [ɔɾɑɫ] |
Uralsk | 1613 | 167,352 | 199,522 | 212,900 | 255,489 | 254 380 | 2 | West Kazakhstan Region | |
Oskemen | Өскемен Öskemen [ɵskʲemʲen] |
Ust'-Kamenogorsk | 1868 | 274,287 | 322,221 | 310,950 | 344,421 | 400,142 | 2 | East Kazakhstan Region | |
Shymkent | Шымкент Şymkent [ʂɯmkʲent] |
Chimkent,
Chernyayev |
Middle Ages | 321,535 | 380,091 | 390,200 | 454,583 | 1,216,000 | 1 | Shymkent | |
Shakhtinsk | Шахтинск Şahtinsk [ʂɑχtʲɪnsk] |
1961 | 50,382 | 65,600 | 54,800 | 54,748 | 39 185 | 3 | Karagandy Region | ||
Schuchinsk | Щучинск Şçuçinsk [ɕutʃɪnsk] |
1939 | 55,500 | 47,900 | 50,128 | 47 625 | 4 | Akmola Province | |||
Ekibastuz | Екібастұз Ekıbastūz [jekɘbɑsto̙z] |
1957 | 65,871 | 135,006 | 137,200 | 158,165 | 152 509 | 3 | Pavlodar Region |