List of leaders of Communist Tuva facts for kids
Quick facts for kids Leaders of Communist Tuva |
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Emblem of the Tuvan ASSR
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| Seat | Kyzyl |
| Appointer | Politburo, Central Committee or any party apparatus (de facto) Parliamentary vote (de jure) |
| Formation | 14/15 August 1921 |
| First holder | Mongush Buyan-Badyrgy (as Chairman of the All-Tuva Constituent Khural) |
| Final holder | Kaadyr-ool Bicheldey (as Chairman of the Supreme Soviet) Sherig-ool Oorzhak (as Chairman of the Council of Ministers) |
| Abolished | 25 December 1991 |
This article lists the main leaders of Tuva during its time as a communist state. This includes leaders from different periods: the Tuvan People's Republic, the Tuvan Autonomous Oblast (Tuvan AO), and the Tuvan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Tuvan ASSR).
You'll find information about the 'heads of state' (like a president), 'heads of government' (like a prime minister), and the leaders of the main political parties, such as the Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party and the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
From 1921 to 1944, Tuva was called the Tuvan People's Republic. It was officially an independent country. However, it was very closely linked to the Soviet Union. Only the Soviet Union and the Mongolian People's Republic recognized its independence.
In 1944, Tuva's parliament asked to join the Soviet Union. So, the Tuvan People's Republic became a part of the Soviet Union. It was then known as the Tuvan Autonomous Oblast (Tuvan AO). It was part of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.
Later, in 1961, the Tuvan AO changed its name again. It became the Tuvan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Tuvan ASSR). It remained part of the Russian SFSR.
Contents
Tuvan People's Republic (1921–1944)
This section covers the leaders of Tuva when it was known as the Tuvan People's Republic. This period lasted from 1921 to 1944.
Heads of State in the Tuvan People's Republic
These leaders were like the presidents of Tuva during this time. They led the country's government.
| No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term | Political party | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||||
| Chairman of the All-Tuva Constituent Khural (1921) |
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| 1 | Mongush Buyan-Badyrgy (1892–1932) |
14 August 1921 | 15 August 1921 | 1 day | Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party | |
| Chairmen of the General Central Council (1921–1923) |
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| (1) | Mongush Buyan-Badyrgy (1892–1932) |
15 August 1921 | 28 February 1922 | 197 days | Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party | |
| 2 | Maady Lopsan-Osur (1876–1934?) |
1 March 1922 | 15 August 1922 | 167 days | Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party | |
| 3 | Salchak Idam-Syuryun | 15 August 1922 | 1 October 1923 | 1 year, 47 days | Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party | |
| Chairmen of the Presidium of the Little Khural (1923–1944) |
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| 4 | Mongush Nimachap (Nimazhap) (1879–1932) |
1 October 1923 | 4 February 1929 | 4 years, 139 days | Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party | |
| 5 | Adyg Tyulyush Chulydum (1900–1933) |
5 February 1929 | 5 October 1933 | 4 years, 242 days | Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party | |
| 6 | Adyg-Tulush Khemchik-ool (1893–1938) |
1933 | February 1938 | 5 years | Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party | |
| 7 | Polat Oyun (1906–1992) |
2 March 1938 | 4 April 1940 | 2 years, 33 days | Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party | |
| 8 | Khertek Anchimaa-Toka (1912–2008) |
6 April 1940 | 10 October 1944 | 4 years, 187 days | Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party | |
Heads of Government in the Tuvan People's Republic
These individuals served as the heads of government, similar to a prime minister. They managed the day-to-day running of the country.
| No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term | Political party | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||||
| Chairmen of the Council of Ministers (1923–1944) |
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| 1 | Mongush Buyan-Badyrgy (1892–1932) |
1 October 1923 | 18 September 1924 | 353 days | Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party | |
| 2 | Soyan Oruygu (1876–?) |
18 September 1924 | 1925 | 1 year | Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party | |
| 3 | Donduk Kuular (1888–1932) |
1925 | January 1929 | 4 years | Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party | |
| 4 | Adyg-Tulush Khemchik-ool (1893–1938) |
January 1929 | 1929 | Several months | Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party | |
| 5 | Sat Churmet-Dazhi (1894–1938) |
1929 | February 1938 | 9 years | Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party | |
| 6 | Ondar Bayyr (Aleksey Bair) (1904–1986) |
1938 | May 1940 | 2 years | Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party | |
| Post abolished (May 1940 – 22 June 1941) | ||||||
| 7 | Saryg-Donggak Chymba (Aleksandr Chimba) (1906–1985) |
22 June 1941 | 10 October 1944 | 3 years, 110 days | Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party | |
Heads of Party in the Tuvan People's Republic
These leaders were in charge of the Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party. This was the main political party in Tuva during this period.
| No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term | Political party | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||||
| Chairman of the Organizing Bureau of the Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party (1921–1922) |
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| 1 | Mongush Nimachap (Nimazhap) (1879–1932) |
29 October 1921 | March 1922 | 4 months | Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party | |
| Chairmen of the Central Committee of the Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party (1922–1924) |
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| 2 | Maady Lopsan-Osur (1876–1934?) |
March 1922 | 9 July 1923 | 1 year, 4 months | Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party | |
| 3 | Oyun Kyursedi (Kursedi) (1884–1924) |
9 July 1923 | 15 March 1924 | 250 days | Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party | |
| General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party (1924–1926) |
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| 4 | Shagdyr | April 1924 | January 1926 | 1 year, 9 months | Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party | |
| First Secretaries of the Central Committee of the Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party (1926–1932) |
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| 5 | Mongush Buyan-Badyrgy (1892–1932) |
January 1926 | February 1927 | 1 year, 1 month | Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party | |
| 6 | Sodnam Balchir Ambyn-noyon (1901–?) |
February 1927 | January 1929 | 1 year, 11 months | Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party | |
| 7 | Irgit Shagdyrzhap (1899–1959) |
January 1929 | March 1932 | 3 years, 2 months | Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party | |
| General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party (1932–1944) |
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| 8 | Salchak Toka (1901–1973) |
6 March 1932 | 10 October 1944 | 12 years, 218 days | Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party | |
Tuvan Autonomous Oblast and Tuvan ASSR (1944–1991)
This section lists the leaders of Tuva after it joined the Soviet Union. This period includes the Tuvan Autonomous Oblast and the Tuvan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.
Heads of State in the Tuvan AO and ASSR
These leaders were the heads of state during Tuva's time as an autonomous region within the Soviet Union.
| No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term | Political party | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||||
| Chairmen of the Executive Committee of the Autonomous Oblast Soviet (1944–1962) |
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| 1 | Saryg-Donggak Chymba (Aleksandr Chimba) (1906–1985) |
13 October 1944 | February 1961 | 16 years, 3 months | CPSU | |
| 2 | Mikhail Mendume (1922–2001) |
February 1961 | 10 January 1962 | 11 months | CPSU | |
| Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (1962–1990) |
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| 3 | Bay-Kara Dolchanmaa (1916–2002) |
10 January 1962 | 22 June 1977 | 15 years, 163 days | CPSU | |
| (2) | Mikhail Mendume (1922–2001) |
22 June 1977 | December 1984 | 7 years, 5 months | CPSU | |
| 4 | Chimit-Dorzhu Ondar (born 1932) |
December 1984 | 27 April 1990 | 5 years, 4 months | CPSU | |
| Chairmen of the Supreme Soviet (1990–1991) |
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| (4) | Chimit-Dorzhu Ondar (born 1932) |
27 April 1990 | 2 October 1991 | 1 year, 158 days | CPSU | |
| 5 | Kaadyr-ool Bicheldey (born 1950) |
2 October 1991 | 25 December 1991 | 84 days | Independent | |
Heads of Government in the Tuvan AO and ASSR
These individuals served as the heads of government for Tuva. They managed the daily operations of the region.
| No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term | Political party | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||||
| Chairmen of the Council of Ministers (1944–1991) |
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| Post abolished (10 October 1944 – 10 January 1962) | ||||||
| 1 | Mikhail Mendume (1922–2001) |
10 January 1962 | 22 June 1977 | 15 years, 163 days | CPSU | |
| 2 | Chimit-Dorzhu Ondar (born 1932) |
22 June 1977 | December 1984 | 7 years, 5 months | CPSU | |
| 3 | Vladimir Seryakov (1934–2016) |
December 1984 | April 1990 | 5 years, 4 months | CPSU | |
| 4 | Sherig-ool Oorzhak (born 1942) |
28 April 1990 | 25 December 1991 | 1 year, 241 days | CPSU | |
Heads of Party in the Tuvan AO and ASSR
These leaders were in charge of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union's local branch in Tuva. This party held significant power during the Soviet era.
| No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term | Political party | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||||
| First Secretary of the Oblast Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1944–1961) |
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| 1 | Salchak Toka (1901–1973) |
13 October 1944 | 10 October 1961 | 16 years, 362 days | CPSU | |
| First Secretaries of the Republican Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1961–1991) |
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| (1) | Salchak Toka (1901–1973) |
11 October 1961 | 11 May 1973 | 11 years, 213 days | CPSU | |
| 2 | Grigoriy Shirshin (born 1934) |
6 June 1973 | 23 August 1991 | 18 years, 78 days | CPSU | |
![Grigoriy Shirshin [ru]](/Image:%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%A7%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87_%D0%A8%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD.jpg)
Images for kids
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Mongush Buyan-Badyrgy served as both head of state and head of government.
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Donduk Kuular was the Chairman of the Council of Ministers.
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Sat Churmet-Dazhi was the Chairman of the Council of Ministers.
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Salchak Toka was a long-serving General Secretary of the Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party.
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Kaadyr-ool Bicheldey was the Chairman of the Supreme Soviet.
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Sherig-ool Oorzhak was the Chairman of the Council of Ministers.
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Grigoriy Shirshin was the First Secretary of the Republican Committee of the Communist Party.
See also
- Head of the Republic of Tuva
- History of Tuva
- Tuvan People's Republic
- 1929 Tuvan coup d'état
- Tuvan Autonomous Oblast
- Tuvan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
Sources
- [1] World Statesmen.org (for the Tuvan Socialist Republic)
- [2] World Statesmen.org (for the Tuvan AO and the Tuvan ASSR)
