Maciej Rataj facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Maciej Rataj
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Maciej Rataj
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| Acting President of Poland | |
| In office 15 May – 4 June 1926 |
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| Prime Minister | Kazimierz Bartel |
| Preceded by | Stanisław Wojciechowski |
| Succeeded by | Ignacy Mościcki |
| In office 16 December – 22 December 1922 |
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| Prime Minister | Julian Nowak Władysław Sikorski |
| Preceded by | Gabriel Narutowicz |
| Succeeded by | Stanisław Wojciechowski |
| 2nd Marshal of the Sejm | |
| In office 23 November 1922 – 26 March 1928 |
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| President | Józef Piłsudski (Chief of State) Gabriel Narutowicz Himself (acting) Stanisław Wojciechowski Himself (acting) Ignacy Mościcki |
| Prime Minister | Julian Nowak Władysław Sikorski Wincenty Witos Władysław Grabski Aleksander Skrzyński Wincenty Witos Kazimierz Bartel Józef Piłsudski |
| Preceded by | Wojciech Trąmpczyński |
| Succeeded by | Ignacy Daszyński |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 19 February 1884 Chłopy, near Lemberg, Austria-Hungary |
| Died | 21 June 1940 (aged 56) Palmiry, General Government |
| Resting place | Palmiry |
| Political party | Polish People's Party "Piast" |
| Alma mater | University of Lwów |
| Occupation | Politician |
Maciej Rataj (born February 19, 1884 – died June 21, 1940) was an important Polish politician and writer. He is best known for serving as the acting President of Poland two times.
Contents
Maciej Rataj's Early Life and Education
Maciej Rataj was born in a village called Chłopy, near Lwów (which is now Lviv, Ukraine). This was on February 19, 1884. He went to a gymnasium in Lwów, which is a type of school that prepares students for university.
Studying Classical Languages
After gymnasium, he studied classical linguistics at the University of Lwów. Classical linguistics is the study of ancient languages like Latin and Greek. After finishing his studies, he became a teacher at a gymnasium, first in Lwów and then in Zamość.
Maciej Rataj's Political Career
Maciej Rataj became involved in politics after Poland became independent. This happened after World War I. Poland was then known as the Second Polish Republic.
Joining Political Parties
He joined the Polish People's Party "Piast". Later, in 1931, he became a member of the People's Party. In 1935, he became the president of the People's Party. He also became the chief editor of the party's newspaper, called 'Zielony Sztandar'.
Serving in the Polish Parliament
From 1919 to 1930, and again from 1934 to 1935, Maciej Rataj was a member of the Sejm. The Sejm is the Polish Parliament, similar to a congress or assembly in other countries. From 1922 to 1928, he held a very important position: he was the Marshal of the Sejm. This means he was the speaker or leader of the parliament.
Minister of Religion and Public Education
Between 1920 and 1921, Maciej Rataj also served as the Minister of Religion and Public Education. In this role, he helped create the March Constitution. This was an important document that set up the rules for how Poland would be governed.
Maciej Rataj as Acting President
Maciej Rataj served as the acting President of Poland two times. This means he took over the role when the actual president could not serve.
First Term as Acting President (1922)
His first time as acting President was in December 1922. This happened after the President, Gabriel Narutowicz, was sadly assassinated. Maciej Rataj served for about one week. During this time, he oversaw a special election to choose a new president. He also appointed a new government.
Second Term as Acting President (1926)
His second term as acting President was in May 1926. This happened after a political event called the May Coup, led by Józef Piłsudski. The President at the time, Stanisław Wojciechowski, resigned. Maciej Rataj stepped in again, serving for about half a month. Just like before, he managed the process of electing a new president and forming a new government.
His Final Years and Death
In December 1939, during World War II, Maciej Rataj was arrested by Nazi Germany. He was executed in Palmiry on June 21, 1940. This was part of a terrible operation by the Nazis called the AB-Aktion.
Images for kids
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Maciej Rataj
See also
In Spanish: Maciej Rataj para niños
