Manx revolt of 1275 facts for kids

Quick facts for kids Manx revolt of 1275
Date 1275 Location Mann Result Revolt put down by Scots
Belligerents
Crovan dynasty	Scottish Crown
Commanders and leaders
Godred Magnusson	Alexander III

The Manx revolt of 1275 was a big uprising on the Isle of Man in the year 1275. It was led by a man named Guðrøðr Magnússon. At first, the people of Mann managed to push out the Scots. The Scots had gained control of the Isle of Man in 1266 through an agreement called the Treaty of Perth, which they made with the Kingdom of Norway. However, King Alexander III of Scotland quickly sent a large navy and many soldiers to stop the rebellion.

Why the Revolt Happened

For a long time, the Kingdom of Norway and the Kingdom of Scotland both wanted control over the Hebrides islands and the Isle of Man. King Alexander III of Scotland wanted to take these areas from Norway. This led to a fight with King Haakon IV of Norway.

The Battle of Largs

In 1263, there was a battle called the Battle of Largs. King Haakon IV of Norway was involved, but his health got worse, and he died later that year. With Haakon's death, King Alexander III of Scotland saw his chance. He launched several attacks on the islands and northern Scotland.

Scotland Takes Control

Magnús Óláfsson, who was the King of Mann and the Isles, decided to give up and agree to Alexander III's rule. This showed that Norway no longer had power over these islands. The next year, King Magnús died without a clear heir. In 1266, Alexander III officially gained control of the Hebrides and Mann. He did this peacefully through the Treaty of Perth with King Magnús Hákonarson of Norway.

After the treaty, Alexander III put his own officials in charge of the Isle of Man. These officials were like governors or managers. Some of them were "Godredus Mac Mares," Alan (who was the son of Thomas fitz Roland), "Mauricius Okarefair," and Reginald, the king's chaplain. The Scottish government also kept some Manx people as hostages. This was to make sure the island stayed peaceful.

The Uprising Begins

Guðrøðr Magnússon led the revolt against the Scottish rulers on the island. His followers took control of the island's strongholds, which were like castles or forts. They also forced the Scottish officials to leave the island.

What Happened Next

After the Scots put down the revolt, their rule over the Isle of Man was confirmed. However, Scottish control did not last very long. By 1290, the Isle of Man was taken by Edward I of England. This happened after an expedition led by Walter de Huntercombe.

The Isle of Man stayed under English control until 1313. Then, Robert I of Scotland captured it after attacking Castle Rushen for five weeks. After this, the island went back and forth between English and Scottish rule for a while. Finally, in 1346, the Battle of Neville's Cross took place. This battle decided the long struggle between England and Scotland, and England won.