Mariano Prado facts for kids

Quick facts for kids Mariano Prado Baca
Head of State of El Salvador
In office 25 July 1832 – 1 July 1833
Preceded by	Joaquín de San Martín
Succeeded by	Joaquín de San Martín
In office 1 November 1826 – 30 January 1829 Acting Head of State
Preceded by	Juan Villacorta Díaz
Succeeded by	José María Cornejo
In office 1 October 1824 – 13 December 1824
Preceded by	Juan Manuel Rodríguez
Succeeded by	Juan Villacorta Díaz
Political Chief of El Salvador
In office 17 June 1823 – 22 April 1824 Provisional Political Chief
Preceded by	Himself as Supreme Political Chief
Succeeded by	Juan Manuel Rodríguez as Head of State
Supreme Political Chief of El Salvador
In office 25 May 1823 – 17 June 1823
Preceded by	Felipe Codallos as Political Chief
Succeeded by	Himself as Political Chief
Personal details
Born	Mariano Prado Baca 1776 León, Captaincy General of Guatemala
Died	1837 (aged 60–61) Guatemala, Federal Republic of Central America
Nationality	Central American
Political party	Liberal
Occupation	Politician, lawyer

Mariano Prado Baca (born 1776 – died 1837) was an important leader in Central America. He was a lawyer and served four times as the chief of state for El Salvador. At that time, El Salvador was a part of the Federal Republic of Central America. He was known for his liberal ideas and leadership.

Biography

Early Life and Education

Mariano Prado Baca was born in Nicaragua. His parents were José de la Trinidad Prado and Clara Baca. When he was young, his family moved to San Vicente, El Salvador. He first spent some time in the military. However, he soon decided to study law instead. He finished his law degree in 1797.

After becoming a lawyer, Prado became a city councilman in San Vicente. He also owned a lot of land there. In 1809, he married Engracia Vasconcelos in San Vicente.

Political Beginnings

Prado did not support the revolution that happened in 1811. After El Salvador declared its independence in 1821, he strongly opposed the idea of El Salvador joining the Mexican Empire. He became a key figure in a political group known as the "Exaltado" (meaning "Exalted").

In 1822, he was a deputy in the local congress. As the political chief of San Salvador, he helped organize a citizen army. This was important because Guatemala was threatening to invade the capital. El Salvador had chosen to leave Guatemala to avoid becoming part of Mexico.

Leading El Salvador

On February 7, 1823, the defenders had to leave San Salvador. Prado led one of the military groups during this retreat. They camped at his farm, "Santa Catalina," near San Vicente. Later, they continued their march towards Honduras but surrendered shortly after.

When Emperor Agustín de Iturbide and the Mexican Empire fell, El Salvador became independent again. Prado took on the political leadership of San Salvador. He led the Consultative Governmental Junta (a type of governing council) for the Province of San Salvador. He served as a temporary chief from June 17, 1823, to April 22, 1824. He had a second short term as temporary chief executive from October 1, 1824, to December 13, 1824.

His third term as leader was from November 1, 1826, to January 30, 1829. During this time, El Salvador stopped its relationship with the main federal government in Guatemala City. This led to another civil war, where Guatemala invaded El Salvador. The war lasted until 1829.

Challenges and Uprisings

After his third term, a conservative leader named José María Cornejo took over. Cornejo decided to remove El Salvador from the Federation. This caused federal troops, led by Francisco Morazán, to invade again. Morazán removed Cornejo from power and put Prado back in charge.

Prado's fourth term lasted from July 25, 1832, to July 1, 1833. During this time, there was an uprising by indigenous people led by Anastasio Aquino. Aquino was even crowned "King of the Nonualcos" in the church of San Vicente. Mariano Prado Baca passed away in 1837.

See also

In Spanish: Mariano Prado para niños