New Fort Pierre facts for kids

Fort Pierre (1859-1863), also known as New Fort Pierre, was an important military outpost in what was then Dakota Territory. It was built by the United States Army to help keep peace and protect settlers in the area during a time of change and growth. This fort was located about 3 and a half miles north of the older Fort Pierre Chouteau, near where the city of Pierre, South Dakota is today.

Why Was Fort Pierre Built?

In the mid-1800s, the American frontier was expanding rapidly. More and more settlers were moving west, and the United States government wanted to protect them. The original Fort Pierre Chouteau was a fur trading post, but it was no longer active. The U.S. Army needed a new military base in the region.

Protecting the Frontier

The Army established New Fort Pierre in 1859. Its main job was to keep an eye on the Missouri River area. This river was a major travel route for both settlers and military supplies. The fort also helped to manage relationships with local Native American tribes, especially the Sioux people. It was a way for the government to show its presence and maintain order.

Role During the Civil War

Even though the American Civil War (1861-1865) was happening far to the east, its effects were felt everywhere. Troops were needed to fight in the war, but some still had to stay on the frontier. Fort Pierre played a small but important role during this time. It helped to secure the territory and prevent conflicts that could distract from the main war effort. Soldiers at the fort patrolled the area and sometimes escorted travelers.

Life at the Fort

Life at Fort Pierre was challenging for the soldiers stationed there. They lived in simple buildings, often made of logs or sod. The weather could be extreme, with very cold winters and hot summers. Supplies were brought in by boat on the Missouri River, which could be slow and difficult.

Daily Duties

Soldiers spent their days on various duties. These included:

• Patrolling the surrounding lands.
• Building and maintaining the fort's structures.
• Training and drilling to stay ready for action.
• Guarding supplies and equipment.

Their lives were often isolated, far from towns and cities.

Why Was Fort Pierre Abandoned?

Fort Pierre was only active for a few years, from 1859 to 1863. The Army decided to abandon it because military needs changed. They found other locations that were better suited for long-term forts.

New Forts and Shifting Needs

One of the reasons Fort Pierre was closed was the establishment of Fort Sully. Fort Sully was built further down the Missouri River and became a more permanent and strategic military post. As the frontier continued to change, the Army moved its resources to new locations that better served their goals of protecting settlers and controlling the territory.

Although it was short-lived, Fort Pierre was a part of the early history of Dakota Territory. It represents the efforts of the U.S. Army to establish control and protect the expanding frontier during a crucial period in American history.