North Vietnam facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Democratic Republic of Vietnam
Việt Nam Dân chủ Cộng hòa
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| 1945–1976 | |||||||||||
 Flag
(1955–1975)  Emblem
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Motto: "Độc lập – Tự do – Hạnh phúc"
(English: "Independence – Freedom – Happiness") |
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Anthem: "Tiến Quân Ca"
(English: "Army March") |
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North Vietnam in Southeast Asia during Cold War
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| Capital | Hanoi | ||||||||||
| Common languages | Vietnamese (official) | ||||||||||
| Government | Unitary Marxist–Leninist one-party socialist republic | ||||||||||
| Party Chairman First Secretary |
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• 1945–1956
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Trường Chinh | ||||||||||
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• 1956–1960
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Hồ Chí Minh | ||||||||||
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• 1960–1976
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Lê Duẩn | ||||||||||
| President | |||||||||||
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• 1945–1969
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Hồ Chí Minh | ||||||||||
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• 1969–1976
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Tôn Đức Thắng | ||||||||||
| Prime Minister | |||||||||||
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• 1945–1955
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Hồ Chí Minh | ||||||||||
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• 1955–1976
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Phạm Văn Đồng | ||||||||||
| Historical era | Cold War · Vietnam War | ||||||||||
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• Self declaration of Democratic Republic of Vietnam
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2 September 1945 | ||||||||||
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• Established
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1945 | ||||||||||
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• 1954 Geneva Conference
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26 April – 20 July 1954 | ||||||||||
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• The liberation of Saigon
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30 April 1975 | ||||||||||
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• Socialist Republic of Vietnam established
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2 July 1976 | ||||||||||
| Area | |||||||||||
| 1960 | 157,880 km2 (60,960 sq mi) | ||||||||||
| 1974 | 157,880 km2 (60,960 sq mi) | ||||||||||
| Population | |||||||||||
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• 1960
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15,916,955 | ||||||||||
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• 1974
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23,767,300 | ||||||||||
| Currency | đồng cash (until 1948) |
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| Today part of |  Vietnam |
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The Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRVN), often called North Vietnam, was a country that existed from 1945 to 1976. It was located in the northern part of what is now Vietnam. To its south was South Vietnam, separated by a special area called the Demilitarized Zone.
North Vietnam was officially declared by President Hồ Chí Minh in Hà Nội on September 2, 1945. It was the first country in Southeast Asia to adopt a socialist system. However, major countries like China and the Soviet Union did not officially recognize it until 1950. North Vietnam played a central role in the Vietnam War.
Contents
History of North Vietnam
Founding a New Nation
After World War II, Vietnam was in a period of big changes. On September 2, 1945, Hồ Chí Minh declared Vietnam's independence from French rule. This marked the birth of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. Its capital city was Hanoi.
The First Indochina War
France wanted to regain control of Vietnam. This led to a conflict known as the First Indochina War, which lasted from 1946 to 1954. North Vietnam fought against the French forces. The war ended with the 1954 Geneva Conference. This conference temporarily divided Vietnam into North and South.
Division and the Cold War
The division of Vietnam was meant to be temporary. Elections were planned to reunite the country. However, these elections never happened. North Vietnam became a socialist state. It was supported by communist countries like China and the Soviet Union. South Vietnam, on the other hand, was supported by the United States and other Western nations. This division was a key part of the larger Cold War conflict.
The Vietnam War
The failure to reunite Vietnam led to the Vietnam War. This major conflict lasted from the mid-1950s until 1975. North Vietnam aimed to reunite the country under its socialist government. It fought against South Vietnam and its allies, especially the United States. The war was very long and difficult.
Reunification of Vietnam
The Vietnam War ended on April 30, 1975, when North Vietnamese forces captured Saigon, the capital of South Vietnam. This event is often called the "liberation of Saigon." After the war, North and South Vietnam were officially reunited. On July 2, 1976, the country became the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. This marked the end of North Vietnam as a separate country.
Leaders of North Vietnam
North Vietnam had important leaders who guided the country through its early years and during the war.
Party Leaders
The main political power was held by the leader of the Communist Party.
- Trường Chinh was the first Party Chairman from 1945 to 1956.
- Hồ Chí Minh then served as First Secretary from 1956 to 1960.
- Lê Duẩn led the party from 1960 until 1976.
Presidents
The President was the head of state.
- Hồ Chí Minh was the first President, serving from 1945 until his death in 1969.
- Tôn Đức Thắng became President in 1969 and served until 1976.
Prime Ministers
The Prime Minister was the head of government.
- Hồ Chí Minh also served as Prime Minister from 1945 to 1955.
- Phạm Văn Đồng took over as Prime Minister in 1955 and held the position until 1976.
Images for kids
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A drawing of Ho Chi Minh from a Vietnamese newspaper.
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The North Vietnamese government in 1946.
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A map showing the regions of North Vietnam.
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Ho Chi Minh with young German students in 1957.
See also
In Spanish: Vietnam del Norte para niños
