Temple of Castor and Pollux facts for kids
The Temple of Castor and Pollux was an important ancient Roman temple in the heart of the Roman Forum. It was built to honor the twin gods, Castor and Pollux, who were believed to protect Rome. Today, only three tall columns remain, but they remind us of its grand past.
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The Temple of Castor and Pollux
The Temple of Castor and Pollux was one of the most famous buildings in ancient Rome. It stood in the Roman Forum, which was the center of daily life in the city. This temple was not just a place of worship; it also played a big role in Roman politics and business.
Who Were Castor and Pollux?
Castor and Pollux were twin brothers from ancient Greek and Roman myths. They were known as the Dioscuri, meaning "sons of Zeus." In Roman stories, they were seen as protectors of soldiers and sailors. They were also linked to horses and sports. Romans believed these twins helped them win battles.
Why Was the Temple Built?
The temple was built to thank Castor and Pollux for their help in a big battle. In 499 BC, the Romans fought against the Latins at the Battle of Lake Regillus. It was a very close fight. Legend says that Castor and Pollux appeared on the battlefield, riding white horses, and helped the Romans win.
After the victory, the Roman general, Aulus Postumius Albus, promised to build a temple for them. The temple was officially dedicated in 484 BC.
Where Was It Built?
The temple was built in the Roman Forum, which was the main public square in ancient Rome. This area was busy with markets, government buildings, and other temples. The Temple of Castor and Pollux was located near the Regia and the Temple of Vesta. Its central spot made it a very important landmark.
What Was the Temple Used For?
Besides being a place to worship Castor and Pollux, the temple had many other uses:
- Meeting Place: The Roman Senate, which was like the government's council, sometimes met here.
- Public Speeches: Important Roman leaders would give speeches from the temple's steps.
- Treasury: The temple's basement was used as a treasury. This is where the city kept its money and important documents.
- Banks and Shops: Small shops and banks were sometimes set up around the temple's base.
The Temple's History
The Temple of Castor and Pollux was rebuilt several times over the centuries. The original wooden temple was replaced with stone. A major rebuilding happened in 117 BC by Lucius Caecilius Metellus Dalmaticus.
The most famous version of the temple was built by the Emperor Tiberius. He rebuilt it after a fire in 14 AD and dedicated it in 6 AD. The three columns we see today are from this last rebuilding. They are a famous sight in the Roman Forum.
Over time, as the Roman Empire declined, the temple fell into ruin. Its stones were often taken to build other structures. Today, the three remaining columns stand tall, reminding us of the temple's past glory and its importance in ancient Rome.
Images for kids
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Roman coin depicting the Dioscuri. Republican Period. The British Museum.
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Sketch by Piranesi featuring the three remaining columns from the Temple of Castor and Pollux
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Another view of the three columns of the Temple of Castor and Pollux
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The Temple of Castor and Pollux (right) with the Temple of Vesta to the left
See also
In Spanish: Templo de Cástor y Pólux para niños
