The Railroad to Freedom facts for kids

The Railroad to Freedom: A Story of the Civil War is a special children's book written by Hildegarde Swift. It tells the amazing true story of Harriet Tubman, who was born Araminta Ross. The book shares her life as a person held in slavery and her brave work helping others escape to freedom using the Underground Railroad. James Daugherty drew the pictures for the book. It was first published in 1932 and was recognized as a Newbery Honor book in 1933, which is a big award for children's literature.

Discovering The Railroad to Freedom

This book is a biography, which means it's a story about a real person's life. It focuses on the early life of Harriet Tubman and her journey from being enslaved to becoming a hero. The book helps young readers understand a difficult time in American history. It shows the challenges people faced and the courage it took to fight for freedom.

Who Was Harriet Tubman?

Harriet Tubman was born Araminta Ross around 1822 in Maryland. She was born into slavery, meaning she was treated as property and forced to work without pay. From a young age, she experienced the harsh realities of this system. Despite these hardships, Harriet was incredibly strong and determined. She dreamed of freedom for herself and for others.

Escaping to Freedom

In 1849, Harriet Tubman made a brave decision. She escaped from slavery and traveled north to Pennsylvania, where slavery was against the law. This journey was very dangerous, but she was guided by her strong will and faith. Once she was free, she didn't forget those she left behind. She knew she had to help others.

What Was the Underground Railroad?

The Underground Railroad was not a real railroad with trains. It was a secret network of safe houses and routes. Brave people, both Black and white, helped enslaved people escape to freedom in the Northern states or Canada. These helpers were called "conductors," and the safe houses were "stations." It was a risky operation, but it saved many lives.

Harriet Tubman's Role as a Conductor

After gaining her own freedom, Harriet Tubman became one of the most famous conductors on the Underground Railroad. She made about 13 dangerous trips back into the South. She guided over 70 enslaved people, including her family and friends, to freedom. She was so successful and brave that she earned the nickname "Moses" after the biblical leader who led his people to freedom.

Why Was the Civil War Important?

The American Civil War (1861-1865) was a major conflict in American history. It was fought between the Northern states (the Union) and the Southern states (the Confederacy). A main reason for the war was the issue of slavery. The Southern states wanted to keep slavery, while the Northern states wanted to end it. Harriet Tubman played a role in the war too, working as a scout and spy for the Union army.

The End of Slavery

The Civil War eventually led to the end of slavery in the United States. In 1863, President Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation. This declared that all enslaved people in Confederate states were free. After the war, the 13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution officially abolished slavery across the entire country. This was a huge step towards equality and justice.

The Book's Impact and Legacy

The Railroad to Freedom helped introduce many young readers to the story of Harriet Tubman. It showed them the importance of courage, freedom, and helping others. The book's recognition as a Newbery Honor award in 1933 showed how important and well-written it was. It continues to be a valuable resource for learning about this important period in history.