Chihuahua (chief) facts for kids

Chihuahua (also known as Kla-esh) was an important leader of the Chiricahua Apache people. He was born around 1822 or 1825. Chihuahua led his group, the Chokonen, during a time of great change. He was known for leading raids in Arizona during the 1870s and 1880s. His older brother, Ulzana, was his war chief. Ulzana later became famous for his own raids.

Early Life and Leadership

Chihuahua was a close follower of the famous Apache chief Cochise. He fought alongside Cochise in many battles. In 1872, Chihuahua surrendered with Cochise. They agreed to live on the San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation in Arizona. This was a big change for their way of life.

Life on the Reservation

Chihuahua became a first sergeant in the Apache Scouts in 1880. This meant he worked with the U.S. Army. He helped track other Apache groups. Both Chihuahua and his brother Ulzana had chosen to follow Cochise. However, after Cochise died, they did not agree with his sons' leadership. This led to some disagreements within the Apache community.

Conflicts and Surrenders

Life on the reservation was not always easy for Chihuahua. He found it difficult to adapt to the new rules.

Raids and First Surrender

Three years after settling, Chihuahua left the reservation. He led a group of warriors into Mexico. They continued to carry out raids. However, he later surrendered to General George Crook in 1883. This showed his willingness to try and find peace.

Leaving the Reservation Again

In 1885, Chihuahua left the San Carlos reservation once more. He joined Geronimo and other chiefs. They again led raids into Mexico. These were challenging times for everyone involved. Chihuahua surrendered to General Crook again in 1886. This marked another attempt to end the fighting.

Later Life and Legacy

After his final surrender, Chihuahua's life changed dramatically. He was sent far away from his homeland.

Imprisonment and Transfers

On April 7, 1886, Chihuahua was sent to Fort Marion, Florida. He was with other Chiricahua Apache who had resisted. In May 1888, he was moved to Mount Vernon Barracks in Alabama. Finally, in October 1893, he was transferred to Fort Sill, Oklahoma. He lived there until his death on July 25, 1901.

Remembering Chihuahua

Chihuahua is still remembered today. A cemetery at Fort Sill, Oklahoma, is named after him. The hill where he lived there also carries his name. These places help keep his memory alive. They remind us of his role in Apache history.