Collegiate Church of San Isidro, Madrid facts for kids
The church of San Isidro el Real, also known as the colegiata or collegiate church of San Isidore, is a Baroque building in the centre of Madrid, Spain. It is named after and holds the remains of the patron saint of Madrid, Isidore the Laborer, and his wife Santa María de la Cabeza. It has held the status of a Basilica church for centuries.
History
The building was designed by architect Pedro Sánchez in 1620. Construction began two years later, directed by the architect until his death in 1633. Francisco Bautista and Melchor de Bueras, later continued the work, and finished the church in 1664. The church replaced the parish church of St. Peter and St. Paul (16th century), which had been demolished to create the Imperial College, following instructions left by Empress Maria of Austria, Holy Roman Empress in her will. The Empress bequeathed her fortune to the Jesuit Order in order that a new building could be built on the site of the demolished parish church.
The church was consecrated on 23 September 1651, thirteen years before its completion. It was initially associated with the Jesuit Order and dedicated to St. Francis Xavier, a distinguished Jesuit and patron saint of Catholic Missions. However, in 1767, with the expulsion of the Jesuits, the building became a collegiate church.
Two years later, in 1769, the church was rededicated to Saint Isidore to mark the translocation of the saint's body from the Church of St. Andrew. St. Isidro is the patron saint of the city of Madrid and his remains had been guarded since the sixteenth century in the Bishop's Chapel at St. Andrew's church. The relics of his wife Saint Mary of the Head (family) were also transferred. Its interior was then renovated by the famous architect Ventura Rodríguez, who designed a new, highly-decorative chancel and high altar.
In 1885, with the establishment of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Madrid, the church became the pro-cathedral of the city. The church held that rank until the current Almudena Cathedral was completed in 1993, at which point San Isidro returned to its collegiate status. Until Almudena Cathedral was completed, the building housed images of the Virgin, St. Isidro and the Christ of the Good Death, works of art by Juan de Mesa.
In 1936, at the beginning of the Spanish Civil War, the building caught fire, which destroyed many works of art, including the altarpiece of Ventura Rodríguez, as well as paintings by Luca Giordano Ricci. The fire also caused the collapse of the dome. After the war the church was painstakingly restored over two decades, with restorationists attempting to recover the original features. This restoration culminated in the 1960s with the rise of a new section on the towers of the facade by the architect Javier Barroso. A remarkably faithful replica of the high altar of Ventura Rodríguez was also made. The restoration of one of the chapels (Our Lady of the Carmen or the Lady of the Sailors chapel) was paid for by the British Embassy in Madrid and the British coat of arms can be clearly seen over Our Lady altar.
See also
In Spanish: Colegiata de San Isidro para niños
- Catholic Church in Spain
- List of Jesuit sites
- List of oldest church buildings
