Eusebio Ayala facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Eusebio Ayala
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| 29th President of Paraguay | |
| In office November 7, 1921 – April 12, 1923 |
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| Preceded by | Manuel Gondra |
| Succeeded by | Eligio Ayala |
| In office August 15, 1932 – February 17, 1936 |
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| Vice President | Raúl Casal Ribeiro |
| Preceded by | José Patricio Guggiari |
| Succeeded by | Rafael Franco |
| Personal details | |
| Born | August 14, 1875 Barrero Grande |
| Died | June 4, 1942 (aged 66) Buenos Aires, Argentina |
| Nationality | Paraguayan |
| Political party | Liberal |
| Spouse | Marcelle Durand |
| Alma mater | National College of Asunción |
Eusebio Ayala (born August 14, 1875 – died June 4, 1942) was a very smart leader and a President of Paraguay. He served two times. His first term was from November 7, 1921, to April 12, 1923. His second term was from August 15, 1932, to February 17, 1936. He was a member of the Liberal Party.
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Early Life
Eusebio Ayala was born in Barrero Guasu, now called Eusebio Ayala District, in Paraguay. This was on August 14, 1875. His mother was Casimira Ayala. He started school in his hometown with his aunt. Later, he moved to Asunción, the capital city. There, he worked in a shop while studying.
He was able to attend the National College of Asunción. He finished his studies there in 1896. After that, Ayala taught classes to pay for his own education. He went to the College of Law at the National University. In 1904, he earned his degree in Social Science and Law.
After university, Ayala traveled to Europe several times. On his first trip, he worked for the embassy in Great Britain for three years. During this time, he learned English and French. He also learned a lot about philosophy and culture. On one of these trips, he met Marcelle Amelia Durand. She was from Tours, France. They later got married. Marcelle Ayala lived in Paraguay until she passed away in 1954. She wrote a book called Memories about her time with Eusebio Ayala.
A Bright Mind
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When Eusebio Ayala returned to Paraguay, he became a professor. He taught Criminal Law and Constitutional Law at the Faculty of Law. He also became the head, or Rector, of the University of Asunción.
He was also a journalist. He wrote for newspapers like El Diario and El Liberal. He also edited a journal about law and social sciences. Later, he became an ambassador to the United States. He was known for giving a lecture at The Sorbonne in Paris. He spoke about a legal idea called "uti possidetis" in perfect French. He also wrote a book about money issues in 1917.
Leading Paraguay
Eusebio Ayala served as President of Paraguay two times. These were important periods for the country.
First Time as President
On November 7, 1921, Eusebio Ayala became president for the first time. He was chosen as a temporary president. This happened because the country was going through a tough political time. He served until April 12, 1923. During this period, Paraguay faced a civil war in 1922. Ayala managed to overcome these challenges.
The Chaco War President
Ayala became president again on August 15, 1932. This was just when the Chaco War started. This war was against Bolivia and lasted from 1932 to 1935. President Ayala visited the soldiers on the front lines many times. Even though Paraguay had fewer soldiers and less equipment, they won the war. Because of this victory, people called him the "President of Victory."
The war took up most of his government's time and energy. But he also did other things. For example, he officially approved the updated version of the National Anthem. During the war, he focused on three main goals. He led the army with General José Félix Estigarribia. He managed the country's money carefully. And he worked hard to make peace with dignity.
After the war, a military group removed Ayala from power. This happened on February 17, 1936, before his term ended. He was put in prison and then had to leave the country. He moved to Buenos Aires.
Political Journey
Eusebio Ayala had a long career in politics. He was a legal advisor for big companies. He served as a deputy and a senator. He was also a minister in charge of different government departments. These included Finance, Justice, Education, and Foreign Affairs. He was the Minister of Finance in 1916 and 1919. In 1909, he was the President of the Chamber of Deputies.
He joined the Liberal Party in 1908. He was part of the "radical" group within the party. In 1909, he became the foreign minister. He also helped start the Paraguayan Society of International Law. He was a delegate at a big financial meeting in Buenos Aires in 1916.
Later Years and Legacy
On September 5, 1936, Eusebio Ayala left Paraguay for Buenos Aires. General Estigarribia went with him. His wife was waiting for him there. He started working again in 1938. He joined a big law firm in Buenos Aires. He also led the Argentine–Paraguayan Chamber. He wrote for a local newspaper called La Razon. His son, Roger, lived with his parents after finishing his studies. Ayala returned to Asunción for some business. He also visited his sister during this trip.
Eusebio Ayala passed away in Buenos Aires on June 4, 1942. To honor him, a street in San Lorenzo and his hometown in Paraguay were renamed after him. This happened on June 17, 1942.
Many years later, on September 28, 1992, Eusebio Ayala's remains were brought back to Paraguay. A special plane flew them from Buenos Aires. An army vehicle carried his urn to the "Palacio de Lopez." Paraguayan flags honored him. On September 29, 1992, Dr. Eusebio Ayala's remains were finally laid to rest in his home country. They are in the National Pantheon of the Heroes in Asunción.
See also
In Spanish: Eusebio Ayala para niños
