José María Esquerdo facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
José María Esquerdo
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| Member of the Congress of Deputies | |
| In office 18 May 1910 – 30 January 1912 |
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| Constituency | Madrid |
| In office 2 April 1893 – 28 February 1895 |
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| Constituency | Madrid |
| Madrid municipal councillor | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 2 February 1842 Villajoyosa, Spain |
| Died | 30 January 1912 Madrid, Spain |
| Political party | Progressive Republican Party |
José María Esquerdo Zaragoza (born February 2, 1842 – died January 30, 1912) was an important Spanish doctor and politician. He was a psychiatrist, which means he helped people with mental health issues. He was also a Republican politician. From 1895 until he passed away in 1912, he led the Progressive Republican Party. He is known for bringing new, modern ways of treating mental health problems to Spain.
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Who Was José María Esquerdo?
José María Esquerdo Zaragoza was born in Villajoyosa, a town in Alicante, Spain. This was on February 2, 1842. His parents worked on farms. He studied medicine at the San Carlos Hospital in Madrid. It's not fully clear if he started his studies there or at the University of Valencia. After finishing his education, he moved to Talavera de la Reina.
A Pioneer in Mental Health
After a big change in Spain called the 1868 Glorious Revolution, Esquerdo became a professor. He taught about diseases and directed a clinic for mental illnesses. This was at the General Hospital of Madrid. In 1872, he volunteered to help soldiers who were hurt during the Third Carlist War.
In May 1877, he opened his own psychiatric hospital. This hospital was located in Carabanchel. He was seen as a leader in bringing modern mental health care to Spain.
Becoming a Political Leader
Esquerdo also wanted to help people through politics. He tried to become a member of the Congress of Deputies in 1891. This was the first election where most men in Spain could vote. He didn't win that time. But soon after, he won a seat as a Madrid municipal councillor. This meant he helped make decisions for the city of Madrid.
In 1893, Esquerdo ran for the Congress of Deputies again. This time, he was part of a group of Republican parties called "Unión Republicana." He won this election and became a representative for Madrid.
After another political leader, Manuel Ruiz Zorrilla, died in 1895, Esquerdo became the leader of the Progressive Republican Party. He continued to work for the people of Spain.
In 1910, Esquerdo ran for the Congress of Deputies one more time. He was part of a group called the Republican–Socialist Conjunction. He won his seat again. He was the second most voted candidate in Madrid. He worked with other politicians who wanted to cooperate with the government.
His Legacy
José María Esquerdo passed away on January 30, 1912, at his home in Madrid. After he died, the Progressive Republican Party was dissolved. He is remembered as a doctor who greatly improved mental health care in Spain and as a dedicated politician.
See also
In Spanish: José María Esquerdo para niños
