Maximilien de Robespierre facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Maximilien de Robespierre
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![]() Robespierre c. 1790 (anonymous), Musée Carnavalet, Paris
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Member of the Committee of Public Safety | |
In office 27 July 1793 – 28 July 1794 |
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Preceded by | Thomas-Augustin de Gasparin |
Succeeded by | Jacques Nicolas Billaud-Varenne |
President of the National Convention | |
In office 4 June 1794 – 17 June 1794 |
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In office 22 August 1793 – 5 September 1793 |
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Deputy of the National Convention | |
In office 20 September 1792 – 27 July 1794 |
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Deputy of the National Constituent Assembly | |
In office 9 July 1789 – 30 September 1791 |
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Deputy of the National Assembly | |
In office 17 June 1789 – 9 July 1789 |
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Deputy to the Estates General for the Third Estate |
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In office 6 May 1789 – 16 June 1789 |
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Constituency | Artois |
Personal details | |
Born |
Maximilien François Marie Isidore de Robespierre
6 May 1758 Arras, Artois, France |
Died | 28 July 1794 Place de la Révolution, Paris, France |
(aged 36)
Nationality | French |
Political party | Jacobin Club (1789–1794) |
Other political affiliations |
The Mountain (1792–1794) |
Alma mater | Collège Louis-le-Grand University of Paris |
Profession | Lawyer and politician |
Signature | ![]() |
Maximilien François Marie Isidore de Robespierre; 6 May 1758 – 28 July 1794) is one of the best-known leaders of the French Revolution. He was born in Arras, France and he went to school to become a lawyer and got his degree at law school. He also, got elected to the Estates General to help make laws for France and fought against the French Monarchy, the death penalty, slavery, for democratic reforms and the people to have more power. He helped gain a reputation for defending the poor society. Also he earned a nickname for sticking to his moral values. Later was elected president of the powerful Jacobin political faction.
Maximillian led the committee of public safety during 1793. Through it, he was able to execute the king. Even though Robespierre got thousands of people executed, Robespierre cared about the working class.
He executed King Louis XVI because he was convicted of treason (treason is the betrayal of ones own country). Under the advice of Robespierre the committee of public safety came to control France. The period that the Committee of Public Safety ruled France is known as “The Reign of Terror” and Maximilian Robespierre was their leader. Robespierre was caught and executed with 21 of his followers with a guillotine. The National Convention were the people who overthrew Maximilien Robespierre.
Early life
Maximilien de Robespierre was born in Arras in the old French province of Artois. His family has been traced back to the 12th century in Picardy; some of his ancestors in the male line worked as notaries in Carvin near Arras from the beginning of the 17th century. It has been suggested that he was of Irish descent, his surname possibly a corruption of "Robert Speirs".
Images for kids
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Maximilien Robespierre, physionotrace by Chrétien, the inventor. By adjusting the needles of a pantograph he achieved a reduction ratio. This device was connected to an engraving needle. Thus it enabled the production of multiple portrait copies.
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A sans-culotte with his pike
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Imaginary meeting between Robespierre, Danton and Marat (illustrating Victor Hugo's novel Ninety-Three) by Alfred Loudet
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François Hanriot chef de la section des Sans-Culottes (Rue Mouffetard); drawing by Gabriel in the Carnavalet Museum
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Robespierre on the day of his execution; Sketch by Jacques Louis David
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The execution of Couthon; the body of Adrien Nicolas Gobeau, ex-substitute of the public prosecutor Fouquier and member of the Commune, the first who suffered, is shown lying on the ground; Robespierre {#10} is shown holding a handkerchief to his mouth. Hanriot {#9} is covering his eye, which came out of its socket when he was arrested.