Menorah facts for kids

A Menorah is a special candle holder or lamp with multiple branches. It is an important symbol in Jewish history and traditions. There are two main types of menorahs, each with its own unique story and purpose.

The Ancient Temple Menorah

This menorah is one of the oldest and most famous symbols of the Jewish people. It was a golden lampstand with seven branches. Each branch held a lamp that burned olive oil.

History of the Seven-Branched Menorah

The original seven-branched menorah was first described in the Torah. It was made according to specific instructions given to Moses. This sacred lamp traveled with the Israelites through the desert for 40 years. It was kept in the Tabernacle, which was a portable sanctuary.

Later, when the Temple in Jerusalem was built, the menorah found its permanent home there. It stood inside the Temple, symbolizing light, wisdom, and divine presence. The menorah was lit daily by the priests. It was a central part of the Temple's worship.

Symbolism of the Temple Menorah

The seven branches of the Temple Menorah are often seen as representing the seven days of creation. They can also symbolize the seven classical planets or the seven branches of human knowledge. It is a powerful reminder of God's light and guidance. Today, the image of the seven-branched menorah is a national emblem of the modern Israel.

The Hanukkah Menorah

The other well-known type of menorah is used during the Jewish holiday of Hanukkah. This menorah has nine branches, not seven. It is often called a Hanukkiah to tell it apart from the ancient Temple Menorah.

How the Hanukkah Menorah is Used

The Hanukkah menorah has eight branches for candles, plus a ninth branch. This ninth branch holds the "shamash," which means "helper" candle. The shamash is used to light the other eight candles.

During Hanukkah, one candle is lit on the first night. On the second night, two candles are lit, and so on. This continues until all eight candles are lit on the eighth and final night of the holiday. Lighting the menorah is a central part of the Hanukkah celebration.

The Story Behind the Hanukkah Menorah

The Hanukkah menorah commemorates a miracle that happened long ago. Around 167 BCE, the Second Temple in Jerusalem was taken over. A group of Jewish fighters, called the Maccabees, fought to take it back. When they succeeded, they wanted to rededicate the Temple.

They found only a small amount of pure olive oil. It was enough to light the menorah for just one day. However, miraculously, the oil lasted for eight days. This gave them enough time to prepare more pure oil. The eight days of Hanukkah celebrate this miracle of light and dedication.