Philip Hayes (general) facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Philip Hayes
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| Born | June 16, 1887 Portage, Wisconsin, United States |
| Died | November 25, 1949 (aged 62) Washington, D.C., United States |
| Allegiance |  United States of America |
| Service/ |
 United States Army |
| Years of service | 1909–1946 |
| Rank |  Major general |
| Commands held | Third Service Command |
| Battles/wars | World War I World War II |
| Awards | Army Distinguished Service Medal Legion of Merit |
Philip Hayes (born June 16, 1887 – died November 25, 1949) was a major general in the U.S. Army. He was a key leader during World War II. From 1943 to 1946, he led the Third Service Command. This command helped manage supplies and support for the war effort.
General Hayes was also in charge when the U.S. military took over the Philadelphia Transit Company in 1944. This happened during a big strike. Earlier in his career, he worked with General Walter Short in Hawaii. This was just before the Pearl Harbor attack.
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Early Life and Military Training
Philip Hayes was born on June 16, 1887, in Portage, Wisconsin. He went to the West Point military school. He graduated in 1909. After graduating, he became a second lieutenant in the Army. He even stayed at West Point for a while as a teacher.
Later, he joined the field artillery. He served in the Philippines during World War I. During the war, he was promoted to a temporary rank of Lieutenant Colonel. After the war ended, he went back to his permanent rank of Captain. In 1919, he returned to West Point. He worked there with the athletics program.
In July 1920, Philip Hayes became a Major. He then worked at Camp Lewis, Washington. Throughout the 1920s, he held many leadership jobs. He also went to officer's school. In 1930, he finished a special course at the United States Army War College.
Important Military Roles
In March 1934, Hayes became a Lieutenant Colonel. He moved to Hawaii in 1936. There, he became an assistant chief of staff for the Army's Hawaiian Department. In July 1938, he was promoted to Colonel. By 1940, he was the chief of staff for the Hawaiian Department.
Warning About Pearl Harbor
While working in Hawaii, Colonel Hayes saw a danger. He warned that Japan might launch a surprise attack on Pearl Harbor. He wrote in official orders that a war might start with a sudden raid. This raid could come from enemy planes, submarines, or ships.
In late November 1941, General Hayes was moved back to the mainland United States. This was a planned move. He was stationed at Fort Bragg. This happened just before the Pearl Harbor attack in December 1941.
Leading During World War II
From December 1941 to March 1942, Hayes taught military science at Harvard University. After that, he became the chief of staff for the Army's First Service Command.
On June 22, 1943, Hayes was promoted to brigadier general. He became a deputy chief of staff for all Army Service Commands. On December 1, 1943, he was put in charge of the Third Service Command. This command covered Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Virginia. In January 1944, Philip Hayes became a two-star major general. The U.S. Senate approved his promotion.
As the head of the Third Service Command, General Hayes managed many important things for the war. He made sure factories had workers and materials. This was a very busy time for war production.
Ending the Philadelphia Strike
On August 3, 1944, President Franklin Roosevelt ordered the U.S. military to take over the Philadelphia Transit Company. This was allowed by the Smith-Connally Act. A large strike had stopped public transportation in Philadelphia. This strike was hurting war production in the city. General Hayes was put in charge of ending the strike.
He acted quickly and ended the strike in a few days. After talking with the strikers, Hayes gave them a final warning on August 5. He said that if they did not return to work by August 7, they would be fired. They would also lose their job certificates for the rest of the war. Young men (ages 18-37) would also lose their military draft deferments. The strike ended by August 7. The city avoided more problems.
Because he quickly ended the strike, General Hayes received the Legion of Merit award. In November 1945, he also received the Army Distinguished Service Medal. This award was for his hard work in keeping workers and supplies flowing to factories during the war.
Later Life and Retirement
General Hayes retired from the military in January 1946.
After retiring, he worked in public service and business. He also helped with charities. In 1946, he became the chairman of Maryland's State Aviation Commission. He was also very active in groups that helped people with cancer.
General Hayes had a stroke on November 9, 1949. He passed away on November 25, 1949, at the Walter Reed hospital in Washington, D.C.
