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Sambo (martial art) facts for kids

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Sambo
Sambo at the 2015 European Games.jpg
Sambo at the 2015 European Games
Highest governing body Fédération Internationale de Sambo
Registered as a sport discipline Soviet Union, November 16, 1938 (Goskomsport)
Characteristics
Contact Yes
Mixed-sex No
Type Martial art
Equipment Sambovka
Presence
Country or region Worldwide
Olympic No
World Games 1985, 1993
Sambo, Russian: самбо
International Federation of Amateur Sambo logo.png
International Federation
of Amateur Sambo
Also known as Sombo (in English-speaking countries)
Focus Hybrid
Country of origin Soviet Union Soviet Union
Famous practitioners Practitioners
Parenthood Sport Sambo:
Combat Sambo:
Olympic sport No, but IOC recognized

Sambo (Russian: са́мбо) is a Soviet martial art, an internationally-practised combat sport, and a recognized style of amateur wrestling included by UWW in the World Wrestling Championships along with Greco-Roman wrestling and freestyle wrestling.

It originated in the Russian SFSR in the Soviet Union. The word sambo is an acronym of the romanization samozashchita bez oruzhiya (Russian: самозащита без оружия), which literally translates to 'self-defence without weapons'. The correct, official English spelling, approved by USA Wrestling and the United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee, is SOMBO.

Sambo is relatively modern since its development began in the early 1920s by the Soviet NKVD and Red Army to improve hand-to-hand combat abilities of the servicemen. It was intended to be a merger of the most effective techniques of other martial arts.

The pioneers of sambo were Viktor Spiridonov and Vasili Oshchepkov. Oshchepkov spent several years living in Japan and training in Judo under its founder Kano Jigoro. Oshchepkov died in prison as a result of the Great Purge after being accused of being a Japanese spy.

Spiridonov and Oshchepkov independently developed two different styles, which eventually cross-pollinated and became what is known as sambo. Compared to Oshchepkov's system, called "free wrestling" in Russia (known in the West as catch-as-catch-can wrestling or simply catch wrestling), Spiridonov's style was softer and less brutal. It was also less strength-dependent, which in large part was due to injuries Spiridonov sustained during World War I.

Anatoly Kharlampiev, a student of Vasili Oshchepkov, is also considered a founder of sambo. In 1938, it was recognized as an official sport by the USSR All-Union Sports Committee.

See also

Kids robot.svg In Spanish: Sambo para niños

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