Scarborough (ship) facts for kids
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Convict transport Scarborough by Frank Allen
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| History | |
|---|---|
 Great Britain |
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| Name | Scarborough |
| Namesake | Scarborough, North Yorkshire |
| Owner | John, George, & Thomas Hopper |
| Builder | Fowler & Heward, Scarborough, North Yorkshire |
| Launched | 1782, Scarborough |
| Fate | Foundered April 1805 |
| General characteristics | |
| Tons burthen | 41091⁄94, or 411, or 412, or 428 or 429 (bm) |
| Length |
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| Beam | 29 feet 10 inches (9.1 m) |
| Depth of hold | 12 feet 5+1⁄2 inches (3.8 m) |
| Propulsion | Sail |
| Sail plan | Ship rig |
| Complement |
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| Armament |
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The Scarborough was a ship that helped start European settlement in Australia. It was one of six ships that carried people who had committed crimes and soldiers to Australia. This group of ships was called the First Fleet. They left England in May 1787 and arrived in Australia in January 1788.
The Scarborough was a ship of about 430 tons. Its captain was John Marshall. The ship was about 111 ft (34 m) long and 30 ft (9 m) wide. The area where the people were kept was very small and crowded. It was only about 53 in (135 cm) high. The ship was paid by the British Government to carry these people. After taking them to New South Wales, the Scarborough worked for the East India Company.
The Scarborough left Australia on May 5, 1788. It sailed to China with another ship called the Lady Penrhyn. On May 17, 1788, they stopped at Lord Howe Island to get food. The ship then returned to England on June 15, 1789.
The Second Fleet Voyage
The Scarborough later sailed back to New South Wales as part of the Second Fleet. This fleet was known for its very difficult journey. The Scarborough left England on January 19, 1790. It carried 253 male convicts. Its captain was still John Marshall. The ship's doctor was Augustus Jacob Beyer.
The ship arrived at the Cape of Good Hope on April 13, 1790. It stayed there for 16 days to load food and other supplies. It also picked up eight male convicts from HMS Guardian. That ship had been damaged after hitting an iceberg.
The Scarborough and another ship, the Neptune, got separated from the Surprize in bad weather. They arrived at Port Jackson on June 28, 1790. The journey from England had taken 160 days. During this trip, 73 people died on board the Scarborough. This was about 28% of the people. Another 96 people (37%) were very sick when they finally arrived.
What Happened to the Scarborough?
In April 1805, the Scarborough started to leak a lot while it was at sea. The ship sank off Port Royal, Jamaica.
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