Alonso de Idiáquez Butrón y Múgica facts for kids
Alonso de Idiáquez Butrón y Múgica (born February 14, 1565 – died September 27, 1618) was an important Spanish nobleman. He was a brave soldier and a trusted advisor to the king. Alonso became the first Duke of Ciudad Real. He also served as the Viceroy of Navarre and captain-general of Gipuzkoa from 1610 until he passed away.
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Early Life and Military Beginnings
Alonso was born in San Sebastián, a city in Spain. He was the only son of Juan de Idiáquez y Olazábal and Mencía Manrique Butrón y Múgica.
First Battles and Honors
In 1583, when he was just 18 years old, Alonso joined the conquest of the Azores. This was a series of battles to take control of islands in the Atlantic Ocean.
Later that year, with special permission from King Philip II, Alonso became a knight in the Order of Santiago. This was a famous Spanish military and religious order. He was also made a comendador (a leader) in Vitoria.
In 1585, Alonso traveled with King Philip II's daughter, Catalina. She was going to the Duchy of Savoy to marry Charles Emmanuel I.
Fighting in Flanders
Starting in 1586, Alonso fought in the Dutch Revolt. This was a long war where the Dutch people fought for their freedom from Spanish rule. Many young Spanish noblemen went to Flanders (modern-day Belgium and Netherlands) hoping to join an invasion of England.
Alonso was a captain of harquebusiers, who were soldiers using early types of rifles. He even turned down a promotion to cavalry captain because he preferred his current role. In 1588, he was part of the famous, but unsuccessful, Invincible Armada. Later that year, he was hurt during the siege of Bergen op Zoom.
In 1590, Alonso joined the Consejo de Guerra, which was Spain's Supreme War Council. Later, he also became a secretary of state, helping the king with important government matters.
Family Life
In 1589, while in Flanders, Alonso married Juana, the daughter of Gaspar de Robles. They had one son, Juan Alonso de Idiáquez y Robles, who was born in 1597.
Later Military and Political Roles
Between 1590 and 1593, Alonso took part in Spain's involvement in the French Wars of Religion. These were civil wars in France between Catholics and Protestants.
Wounds and Promotions
In 1590, Alonso was wounded during the capture of Corbeil, a town in France. In 1592, he was made comendador of Villoria for the Order of Santiago. By 1593, he was promoted to the high rank of general of cavalry.
In 1595, Alonso was captured during the battle of Fontaine-Française. However, he was quickly set free after a payment of 20,000 escudos, which were Spanish gold coins.
New Titles and Responsibilities
On December 7, 1606, Alonso was given the title of Count of Aramayona. Soon after, he also became the Count of Biandrina and Barrica in the Duchy of Milan (part of modern-day Italy).
In 1610, he received very important appointments. He became the viceroy and captain-general of Navarre, and also the captain-general of Gipuzkoa. A viceroy was like a governor who ruled a region in the king's name.
On December 12, 1613, Alonso was named the Duke of Ciudad Real. This title came with land in Cittareale in the Kingdom of Naples. When his father passed away in 1614, Alonso inherited the prebostazgo (a special leadership role) of Bilbao. In 1617, he was also confirmed as comendador mayor (a very high-ranking leader) of León, taking over from his father.
Alonso de Idiáquez Butrón y Múgica died the following year, in 1618, in Milan. At the time, he was serving as a maestre de campo (a high military commander) and the castellan (commander of a castle) of Castello Sforzesco. His son inherited most of his titles and responsibilities.
Images for kids
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Romeyn de Hooghe, Prise de Corbeil (1670×1699). Etching. Rijksmuseum.
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See also
In Spanish: Alonso de Idiáquez de Butrón y Múgica para niños
