Antiochus facts for kids
Antiochus is a Greek boy's name. It was a very important name for many kings who ruled two ancient kingdoms: the Seleucid Empire and the kingdom of Commagene.
In Jewish history, especially connected to the Maccabean Revolt and the holiday of Hanukkah, when people say "Antiochus," they are usually talking about a specific king: Antiochus IV Epiphanes.
Antiochus can refer to many different people:
Kings of the Seleucid Empire
The Seleucid Empire was a huge kingdom that started after the time of Alexander the Great. Many of its rulers were named Antiochus.
- Antiochus (father of Seleucus I Nicator) (born in the 300s BC): He was the father of Seleucus I Nicator, who founded the Seleucid Empire.
- Antiochus I Soter (died 261 BC): An early king of the Seleucid Empire.
- Antiochus II Theos (286–246 BC): He ruled the Seleucid Empire from 261 BC to 246 BC.
- Antiochus Hierax (died 226 BC): He was a rebel brother of King Seleucus II Callinicus.
- Antiochus III the Great (241–187 BC): He was a powerful king who ruled from 222 BC to 187 BC. He was the sixth ruler of the Seleucid Empire.
- Antiochus (son of Antiochus III the Great): The first son of Antiochus III the Great.
- Antiochus IV Epiphanes (215–164 BC): He ruled the Seleucid Empire from 175 BC to 164 BC. He is well-known in Jewish history for his actions that led to the Maccabean Revolt.
- Antiochus V Eupator (173–162 BC): He ruled the Seleucid Empire from 164 BC to 162 BC.
- Antiochus VI Dionysus (148–138 BC): A king of the Seleucid Empire, he was the son of Alexander Balas and Cleopatra Thea.
- Antiochus VII Sidetes (died 129 BC): He was king of the Seleucid Empire from 138 BC to 129 BC.
- Antiochus VIII Grypus (died 96 BC): A ruler of the Seleucid Empire, he was the son of Demetrius II Nicator.
- Antiochus IX Cyzicenus (died 96 BC): Another ruler of the Seleucid Empire. He was the son of Antiochus VII Sidetes and Cleopatra Thea, and half-brother of Antiochus VIII.
- Antiochus X Eusebes (died 83 BC): He ruled the Seleucid Empire starting in 95 BC.
- Antiochus XI Epiphanes (died 92 BC): A ruler of the Seleucid Empire, he was the son of Antiochus VIII Grypus.
- Antiochus XII Dionysus (Epiphanes/Philopator/Callinicus): He ruled the Seleucid Empire from 87 BC to 84 BC. He was the fifth son of Antiochus VIII Grypus.
- Antiochus XIII Asiaticus (died 64 BC): He was one of the very last rulers of the Seleucid Empire.
- Antiochus: The baby son of Antiochus II Theos.
- Antiochus: The first son of Seleucus IV Philopator.
Kings of Commagene
Commagene was another ancient kingdom, located in what is now southern Turkey. Several of its kings were also named Antiochus.
- Antiochus I of Commagene (died 38 BC): He ruled from 70 BC to 38 BC.
- Antiochus II of Commagene (died 29 BC)
- Antiochus III of Commagene (died 17 AD): He ruled from 12 BC to 17 AD.
- Antiochus IV of Commagene: He ruled from 38 AD to 72 AD.
Princes of Commagene
- Gaius Julius Archelaus Antiochus Epiphanes (38–92 AD)
- Gaius Julius Antiochus Epiphanes Philopappos (65–116 AD)
Other Important People Named Antiochus
The name Antiochus was used by many other famous people throughout history, including thinkers, artists, and leaders.
- Antiochus (mythology): This name appears for five different characters in ancient Greek myths.
- Antiochus of Syracuse (around 423 BC): A Greek historian who wrote about the history of Sicily and Italy.
- Antiochus (admiral): An Athenian admiral who served under the famous general Alcibiades in 407 BC.
- Antiochus of Ascalon (around 130–68 BC): A philosopher who was part of Plato's Academy, a famous school of thought.
- Antiochus: A villainous king in the old story of Apollonius of Tyre and in William Shakespeare's play Pericles, Prince of Tyre.
- Septimius Antiochus (died 273 AD): He was the last emperor of the Palmyrene Empire for a short time in 273 AD.
Fictional Characters
The name Antiochus has also been used for characters in books and movies.
- Antiochus 'Tony' Wilson: The main character in the 1966 film Seconds (1966 film).
- Antiochus: The leader of a made-up religious group in the Deathconsciousness booklet.
See Also
In Spanish: Antíoco para niños
- Antiochis: The female version of the name Antiochus.
- Antiochianus: A surname that comes from Antiochus.
- Antiochia (disambiguation)
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