Army of the Peninsula facts for kids
Quick facts for kids Army of the Peninsula |
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|---|---|
| Active | May 26, 1861–April 26, 1862 |
| Country |  Confederate States of America |
| Branch |  Confederate States Army |
| Type | Field army |
| Garrison/HQ | Yorktown, Virginia |
| Nickname(s) | Magruder's Army |
| Engagements | Battle of Big Bethel |
| Disbanded | Incorporated into Army of Northern Virginia April 26, 1862 |
| Commanders | |
| Notable commanders |
John B. Magruder |
The Army of the Peninsula was a group of soldiers who fought for the Confederate States of America during the early part of the American Civil War. It was also known as Magruder's Army because John B. Magruder was its main leader. This army played an important role in defending a key area in Virginia.
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How the Army of the Peninsula Started
In May 1861, a military officer named John B. Magruder was put in charge of soldiers in a place called the lower Virginia Peninsula. His main base was in Yorktown, Virginia.
The Confederate Secretary of War, LeRoy Pope Walker, officially created the "Department of the Peninsula" on May 26, 1861. The soldiers in this department were then named the Army of the Peninsula.
An Early Victory: Big Bethel
One of the first important fights for this army was the Battle of Big Bethel. This battle happened early in the war. Magruder led some of his soldiers in this fight.
The Army of the Peninsula won at Big Bethel. This was an important early victory for the Confederate side.
Growing Stronger
By the end of 1861, the Army of the Peninsula had grown much larger. It had about 13,000 soldiers. John B. Magruder was still their commander. He had been promoted to a higher rank, now a major general.
Joining a Bigger Army
In April 1862, the Army of the Peninsula became part of a much larger Confederate army. This bigger army was led by Joseph E. Johnston. Magruder's soldiers became the "right wing" of Johnston's army.
This change happened because a large Union army was expected to attack. This Union army was led by George B. McClellan. The upcoming battles would be part of what was called the Peninsula Campaign.
Why Was This Army Important?
Even though the name "Army of the Peninsula" stopped being used, Magruder's soldiers played a very important part. They were known for being independent and taking action.
Their efforts helped stop General McClellan's Union army from quickly moving towards Richmond, Virginia. Richmond was the capital city of the Confederate States. By slowing down McClellan, they gave the Confederates more time to prepare their defenses.
