Atlantic Bronze Age facts for kids
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| Geographical range | Western Europe |
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| Period | Bronze Age |
| Dates | c. 1300 — c. 700 BC |
| Preceded by | Bell Beaker culture, Bronze Age Britain, Armorican Tumulus culture, Wessex culture |
| Followed by | Iron Age Britain, Iron Age Ireland, Iron Age France, Iron Age Spain |
The Atlantic Bronze Age is a cultural complex of the Bronze Age period in Prehistoric Europe of approximately 1300–700 BC that includes different cultures in Britain, France, Ireland, Portugal, and Spain.
Trade
The Atlantic Bronze Age is marked by economic and cultural exchange that led to the high degree of cultural similarity exhibited by the coastal communities from Central Portugal to Galicia, Armorica, Cornwall and Scotland, including the frequent use of stones as chevaux-de-frise, the establishment of cliff castles, or the domestic architecture sometimes characterized by the roundhouses. Commercial contacts extended from Sweden and Denmark to the Mediterranean. The period was defined by a number of distinct regional centres of metal production, unified by a regular maritime exchange of some of their products. The major centres were southern England and Ireland, north-western France, and western Iberia.
The items related to this culture are frequently found forming hoards, or they are deposited in ritual areas, usually watery contexts: rivers, lakes and bogs. Among the more noted items belonging to this cultural complex we can count the socketed and double ring bronze axes, sometimes buried forming large hoards in Brittany and Galicia; war gear, as lunate spearheads, V-notched shields, and a variety of bronze swords —among them carp's-tongue ones— usually found deposited in lakes, rivers or rocky outcrops; and the elites' feasting gear: articulated roasting spits, cauldrons, and flesh hooks, found from central Portugal to Scotland.
The origins of the Celts were attributed to this period in 2008 by John T. Koch and supported by Barry Cunliffe, who argued for the past development of Celtic as an Atlantic lingua franca, later spreading into mainland Europe. They argue that communities adopted early Late Bronze Age Urnfield (Bronze D and Hallstatt A) elite status markers such as grip-tongue swords and sheet-bronze metalwork, along with new specialist know-how needed for their production and ritual knowledge about their 'proper' treatment upon deposition which they see as indicating possible processes linked to language shift. In 2013, Koch saw this east to west elite contact as the simplest explanation for the genesis of Celtic languages with a Proto-Celtic homeland in west-central Europe. However, this stands in contrast to what remains the more generally accepted view that Celtic origins lie with the Central European Hallstatt C culture.
Gallery
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Gold bracelets and neckrings from Milton Keynes, England
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A Bronze Age gold hoard: Tesouro de Caldas, Galicia, Spain
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Gold torque from Stretham, England
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Bronze weapons from Lanzahíta, Spain
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Bronze Age swords, France
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The Caergwrle Bowl, Wales, c. 1300 BC
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Casco de Leiro, Galicia, Spain
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Gold bowls from Axtroki, Spain
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Gold bracelet from Urdiñeira, Galicia
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Bronze cauldrons. Left Cabárceno, Spain. Right Chiseldon, England.
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Gold and bronze hoard from Wrexham, Wales
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Gold torque or belt from Guînes, France, 1300-1150 BC
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Gold torque from Guînes, Pas-de-Calais, France.
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Deposito da Samieira, a hoard of Galician Bronze Age axes. Museo de Pontevedra
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Stele of Solana de Cabañas, Spain.
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Ornaments from the Adabrock hoard, Scotland
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Gold torque from the Treasure of Berzocana, Extremadura, Spain
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Ceremonial bronze dirk, France, c. 1300 BC
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Dirks from England and France
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Brazalete da Urdiñeira, Spain
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Gold torc, Saint-Jean-Trolimon, France
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Bronze axes, France
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Gold disk/ring, Extremadura, Spain, c. 1000 BC
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Dún Aonghasa hillfort, Ireland
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See also
