Avery D. Andrews facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Avery D. Andrews
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From 1899's Notable New Yorkers of 1896-1899
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| Born | April 4, 1864 Massena, New York |
| Died | April 19, 1959 (aged 95) Winter Park, Florida |
| Buried | |
| Allegiance | United States |
| Service/ |
United States Army New York National Guard Organized Reserve Corps |
| Years of service | 1886-1893, 1898-1899, 1917-1919 (Army) 1893-1898, 1899-1900 (National Guard) 1921-1926 (Organized Reserve Corps) |
| Rank | Brigadier General |
| Unit | United States Army Field Artillery Branch |
| Commands held | Squadron A, New York National Guard New York National Guard |
| Battles/wars | Spanish–American War World War I |
| Awards | Army Distinguished Service Medal French Legion of Honor (Commander) Belgian Order of the Crown Italian Order of the Crown |
| Spouse(s) | Mary Campbell Schofield (m. 1888-1945 (her death)) |
| Children | 2 |
| Relations | John Schofield (father in law) |
| Other work | Army officer Attorney Corporation director and executive |
Avery D. Andrews (April 4, 1864 – April 19, 1959) was an important officer in the United States Army. He also worked as a lawyer and a business leader. He is best known for serving as a brigadier general during World War I. He worked at the main headquarters for the American forces.
Andrews was born in Massena, New York. He graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1886. There, he was classmates with John J. Pershing, who later became a famous general. Andrews started as an artillery officer. He became an aide to John Schofield, whose daughter he later married.
After getting law degrees, Andrews left the army for a while. He became a successful lawyer and business executive in New York City. He returned to the army during the Spanish–American War. He also served as the top military officer for New York State when Theodore Roosevelt was governor.
Andrews joined the army again for World War I. He became a brigadier general. He helped lead the American Expeditionary Forces in Europe. After the war, he stayed a brigadier general in the Army Reserve until 1926. He continued working as a lawyer until he retired in 1943. He wrote a book about his friend John J. Pershing in 1934. Andrews passed away in Florida in 1959 and was buried at Arlington National Cemetery.
Contents
Early Life and Education
Avery Delano Andrews was born in Massena, New York, on April 4, 1864. His parents were Hannibal and Harriet Andrews. He went to school in Massena. From 1881 to 1882, he attended Williston Seminary.
In 1882, Andrews started at the United States Military Academy. He graduated in 1886. His classmate there was John J. Pershing. After graduating, Andrews became a second lieutenant in the 5th Artillery. He served at Fort Columbus in New York.
Starting His Career
In 1888, Andrews worked at the Atlantic Division Headquarters. From 1889 to 1892, he was an aide-de-camp to Lieutenant General John Schofield. Schofield was the top general of the U.S. Army. Andrews was promoted to first lieutenant in 1892.
While working for General Schofield, Andrews studied law. He earned a law degree from Columbian University. In 1892, he earned another law degree from New York Law School. Andrews became a lawyer in New York. He decided to leave the Army in 1893.
Life as a Lawyer and Business Leader
After leaving the army, Andrews started a successful law firm in New York City. He also became a leader in several companies. He was a lawyer and vice president for Barber Asphalt Paving Company. He represented Royal Dutch Shell in America. He also served as a director for banks like Irving Trust Company.
In 1895, the mayor of New York City, William L. Strong, appointed Andrews to the Board of Police Commissioners. Andrews was the treasurer of this board. Theodore Roosevelt was the president of the board at that time.
Serving in the Spanish–American War
After leaving the Army, Andrews joined the New York National Guard. He became an officer in the Engineers. He was made a major. In 1898, he took command of Squadron A, a special unit of the New York National Guard.
When the Spanish–American War began in 1898, Andrews returned to active duty. He was made a lieutenant colonel in the U.S. Volunteers. He served as a chief quartermaster and assistant inspector general. He worked for Major General James H. Wilson.
In 1899, Theodore Roosevelt became governor of New York. He appointed Andrews as the Adjutant General of New York. This meant Andrews was the state's top military officer. He was promoted to brigadier general in the National Guard. He served in this role until 1900.
After the Spanish–American War
After the war, Andrews went back to his law practice and business work. He became known as an expert in laws about railroads, oil, and banking.
World War I Service
When the United States joined World War I in 1917, Andrews helped Pennsylvania's Committee of Public Safety. In October 1917, he resigned to return to active military service. He was made a colonel in the Engineers. He sailed to France in November.
Andrews worked in the Service of Supply. He held several important roles, including Deputy Director of Transportation. In August 1918, he became Assistant Chief of Staff for Personnel. This was a key role at the headquarters of the American Expeditionary Forces. He was promoted to brigadier general in October 1918. He served until May 1919, when he returned to the U.S. and was discharged.
After World War I
After World War I, Andrews was appointed a brigadier general in the Organized Reserve Corps. He served from 1921 until he retired in April 1926. He continued to practice law and serve on company boards. He retired fully in 1943 and moved to Winter Park, Florida.
He was president of the West Point graduates' association from 1928 to 1931. He also served as a trustee for George Washington University. In 1934, he wrote a book called My Friend and Classmate, John J. Pershing.
Awards and Honors
Andrews received several important awards for his service. These included:
- Army Distinguished Service Medal (United States)
- French Legion of Honor (Commander)
- Belgian Order of the Crown
- Italian Order of the Crown
Death and Legacy
Avery D. Andrews passed away in Winter Park, Florida, on April 19, 1959. He was buried at Arlington National Cemetery.
Family Life
On September 27, 1888, Andrews married Mary Campbell Schofield. She was the daughter of Lieutenant General John Schofield. They had two sons, Schofield (1889-1971) and Delano Andrews (1894-1958). Both sons served in World War I and became successful lawyers.
