Ernest William Hawkes facts for kids
Ernest William Hawkes (born July 19, 1883 – died March 13, 1957) was an American expert who studied people and cultures, known as an anthropologist. He is best known for his important work with the indigenous peoples of Alaska and northern Canada.
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Early Life and Studies
Ernest Hawkes was born in Ashfield, Massachusetts. He went to college at Dakota Wesleyan University in 1909. Later, he continued his studies at the University of Pennsylvania in 1913 and 1915.
Exploring Alaska and Canada
Hawkes made several trips to Alaska and northern Canada. During these trips, he collected information for his books.
His 1914 book, Dance Festivals of the Alaskan Eskimo, was based on three years he spent in the Bering Strait District. This included time on the Diomede Islands and in a place called St. Michael. While he was a government teacher in St. Michael during the winter of 1911-1912, Hawkes watched a traditional Inuit event called the "Messenger Feast". He wrote about this feast in his 1913 book, Inviting In.
In the summer of 1914, Hawkes worked with the Geological Survey of Canada in the Hudson Bay area. His experiences there led to his 1916 book, The Labrador Eskimo.
University Work
Ernest Hawkes also worked at several universities. He held special positions called fellowships in Anthropology at places like Columbia University (from 1913 to 1914) and Harrison College (from 1914 to 1916). Later, he worked at Glendale Community College in Glendale, California.
His Published Works
Hawkes wrote many books and papers about his studies. Here are some of his important works:
- Transforming the Eskimo Into a Herder: An Account of the Reindeer Industry in Alaska (1913)
- The dance festivals of the Alaskan Eskimo (1914)
- A pre-Lenape site in New Jersey (1916)
- The Labrador Eskimo (1916)
- Skeletal Measurements and Observations on the Point Barrow Eskimo with Comparisons with Other Eskimo Groups (1916)
Later Life
Ernest William Hawkes passed away in Los Angeles in 1957.
