Fort Crawford (Alabama) facts for kids
Quick facts for kids Fort Crawford |
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| East Brewton, Alabama in United States | |
Fort Crawford (located in the center) as portrayed in Henry Schenck Tanner's 1830 The Traveler's Pocket Map of Alabama.
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 Fort Crawford
Fort Crawford
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| Coordinates | 31°06′03″N 87°02′44″W / 31.10083°N 87.04556°W |
| Type | Stockade fort |
| Site information | |
| Owner | Private |
| Controlled by | Private |
| Open to the public |
No |
| Site history | |
| Built | 1816 |
| Built by | United States Army |
| In use | 1816-1821 |
| Battles/wars | First Seminole War |
Fort Crawford was a fort that once provided defense for settlers in what is today East Brewton, Alabama.
History
After the Creek War, General Andrew Jackson ordered Major General Edmund P. Gaines and the 7th Infantry Regiment to construct a fort to protect settlers in the area from hostile Red Sticks. General Gaines instructed Major David E. Twiggs to set out from Fort Montgomery and establish a new post. The fort was placed at the border of the newly-formed Alabama Territory and Spanish West Florida on the bank of Murder Creek and named for 2nd Lieutenant Joel Crawford. Major John M. Davis described the fort as having two blockhouses located diagonally from each other, with the walls of the fort being made from multiple buildings. The fort also contained a medical building, artificer shop, and guard house. During the First Seminole War, Fort Crawford served as a base of operations for raids against Red Sticks in the Florida Panhandle. After the Butler Massacre, soldiers and Choctaw under the command of Major Youngs were sent from Fort Crawford to Fort Dale to assist in the pursuit of the Red Sticks.
Supplies were sent to Fort Crawford from Fort Montgomery but delays were common. General Gaines wrote to Jose Masot, the governor of West Florida, to ask permission for supplies to be sent up the Conecuh River from Pensacola. Masot allowed three different ships to supply Fort Crawford via Pensacola, but never permitted regular supply lines via Pensacola.
After the Adams–Onís Treaty took effect in 1821, Florida was ceded to the United States and Fort Crawford was no longer needed for its original use.
Fort Crawford was connected to Fort Gaines via a road built in 1817.
Present site
The site is marked on maps from the 1800s, but archaeological investigations have been unable to identify the original site of the fort.
