kids encyclopedia robot

Helen Burke, Countess Clanricarde facts for kids

Kids Encyclopedia Facts
Quick facts for kids
Helen Burke
Countess of Clanricarde
Born Helen MacCarty
Died 1722
Family MacCarthy of Muskerry
Spouse(s)
  • John FitzGerald of Dromana
  • William Burke, 7th Earl of Clanricarde
Issue
Detail
Father Donough MacCarty, 1st Earl of Clancarty
Mother Eleanor Butler

Helen Burke, Countess Clanricarde (née MacCarty; c. 1641 – 1722), also styled Helen FitzGerald, was brought to France by her mother fleeing the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland, against which her father, the 2nd Earl Muskerry, resisted to the bitter end. In France, she was educated at the abbey of Port-Royal-des-Champs together with her cousin Elizabeth Hamilton. She married three times. All her children were by her second husband, William Burke, 7th Earl of Clanricarde. She was the mother of Ulick Burke, 1st Viscount Galway, Margaret, Viscountess Iveagh, and Honora Sarsfield.

Birth and origins

Helen was probably born in the early 1640s, probably at Macroom Castle, County Cork, Ireland, her parents' habitual residence. She was the eldest daughter of Donough MacCarty and his wife Eleanor Butler. At the time of Helen's birth, her father was the 2nd Viscount Muskerry, but he would be advanced to Earl of Clancarty in 1658. Her father's family were the MacCartys of Muskerry, a Gaelic Irish dynasty that branched from the MacCarthy-Mor line with Dermot MacCarthy, second son of Cormac MacCarthy-Mor, a medieval Prince of Desmond. This second son had been granted the Muskerry area as appanage.

Helen's mother was the eldest sister of James Butler, 1st Duke of Ormond. Her mother's family, the Butler dynasty, was Old English and descended from Theobald Walter, who had been appointed Chief Butler of Ireland by King Henry II in 1177. Helen's parents were both Catholic. They had married before 1641.

Family tree
Helen MacCarty with her three husbands, her parents, and selected relatives.
Charles
1st Viscount
Muskerry

1564–1641
Thomas
Viscount
Thurles

d. 1619
d.v.p.*
Donough
1st Earl
Clancarty

1594–1665
Eleanor
Butler

1612–1682
James
Butler
1st Duke
Ormond

1610–1688
Sir John
FitzGerald
of the
Decies

d. 1662
Helen
d. 1722
William
Burke
7th Earl
Clanricarde

d. 1687
Callaghan
3rd Earl
Clancarty

c. 1633 – 1665
Justin
Viscount
Mount-
cashel

c. 1643 – 1694
Thomas
Burke

d. c. 1719
Ulick
1st
Viscount
Galway

1670–1691
Margaret
Magennis

1673–1744
Patrick
Sarsfield
1st Earl
Lucan

1655–1693
Honora
Burke

1674–1698
James
FitzJames
1st Duke
Berwick

1670–1734
James
2nd Earl
Lucan

1693–1719
James
2nd Duke
Berwick

1696–1738
Legend
XXX Subject of
the article
XXX Dukes of
Berwick
XXX Viscounts Muskerry
& Earls of Clancarty
*d.v.p. = predeceased his father (decessit vita patris).
**courtesy title

Helen had three brothers and one sister, which are listed in his father's article.

Irish wars

She was a child while her father, Lord Muskerry, commanded the Confederates' Munster army and fought the Parliamentarians in the Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland. He fought to the bitter end, surrendering Ross Castle near Killarney to Edmund Ludlow on 27 June 1652 and disbanding his 5000-strong army. He was allowed to embark to Spain. He lost his estates in 1652 with the Cromwellian Act of Settlement. Arriving in Spain he found that he was not welcome and returned to Ireland in 1653, where he was put on trial for the murder of English settlers in 1642. He was, however, acquitted.

Exile

Helen, aged about ten, her mother, her sister Margaret, and her brother Justin had fled to France already sometime before the fall of Ross Castle. Her mother lived with her sister Mary, Lady Hamilton, in the convent of the Feuillantines in Paris, and Helen was sent to boarding school at the abbey of Cistercian nuns of Port-Royal-des-Champs, near Versailles, together with her cousin Elizabeth Hamilton. This school had an excellent reputation and was ahead of its time by teaching in French rather than in Latin. She attended this school for seven or eight years. The abbey also was a stronghold of Jansenism, a Catholic religious movement that insisted on earnestness and asceticism. In 1658 her father was created Earl of Clancarty by Charles II in Brussels, where he was then in exile.

Restoration and first marriage

At the Restoration her father returned to Ireland and recovered his estates in 1660 and was confirmed in their possession in the Act of Settlement 1662.

Helen stayed behind in France at her convent. However, Jansenism was declared heretic for its stance on grace and original sin. Helen was forcibly removed from the abbey in 1661 and was accommodated by Louis Charles d'Albert de Luynes.

Her brother Charles, Viscount Muskerry, as he was now, attended the court in Whitehall together with his wife, who was ridiculed by Elizabeth Hamilton who had been together with her at school.

Helen MacCarty soon married Sir John FitzGerald, Lord of the Decies, seated at Dromana House near Villierstown, County Waterford, as his second wife. His first wife had been Katherine Power, second daughter of John Power, 5th Baron Power, of Curraghmore, whom he had married in 1658 and who had died on 22 August 1660. John and Katherine had had an only child, Katherine FitzGerald, Viscountess Grandison, who would marry Edward FitzGerald-Villiers and become the mother of John Villiers, 1st Earl Grandison. Helen's first marriage was childless and lasted only one or two years as Decies died in 1662.

In 1665 her brother Charles, Lord Muskerry, was killed during the Second Anglo-Dutch War (1665–1667) in the Battle of Lowestoft, a naval engagement with the Dutch.

Second marriage

Her second marriage was to William Burke, 7th Earl of Clanricarde, which brought her the title of Countess of Clanricarde in the Peerage of Ireland. Clanricarde already had sons from a previous marriage, two of whom would succeed him as the 8th and the 9th earls.

William and Helen had four children:

  1. Ulick (1670–1691), created Viscount of Galway and slain at the Battle of Aughrim fighting for the Jacobites
  2. Margaret (1673–1744), married first Bryan Magennis, 5th Viscount Iveagh and then Thomas Butler of Garryricken
  3. William, died childless
  4. Honora (1674–1698), married first Patrick Sarsfield and then the Duke of Berwick

She seems to have lived at Portumna Castle. At least it is known that her daughter Honora was born there.

Her father, Lord Clancarty, died in London on 4 August 1665. Her husband Clanricarde died in 1687 and was succeeded by his son Richard from his first marriage as the 8th Earl of Clanricarde. She was now about 46 years old. In 1689 her brother Justin lost the Battle of Newtownbutler against the Inniskilleners and was taken prisoner. Her son Ulick was killed along with many senior Jacobite officers at the Battle of Aughrim in 1691.

Third marriage, death, and timeline

Helen married again, sometime between 1687 and 1700, to Colonel Thomas Burke. The marriage was childless. Her husband died in about 1719 and she died on 15 February 1721 at Kilcash Castle, the house of her daughter, Margaret. Her substantial fortune was the subject of much legal dispute in succeeding generations.

Timeline
As her birth date is uncertain, so are all her ages.
Age Date Event
0 1641, estimate Born in Ireland, probably at Macroom Castle, County Cork
8 1649, 30 Jan King Charles I beheaded.
10 1651, early Taken to France by her mother
11 1652, about Sent to school at Port-Royal-des-Champs
11 1652, 27 Jun Father surrendered Ross Castle.
17 1658, 27 Nov Father created 1st Earl of Clancarty.
19 1660, 29 May Restoration of King Charles II
19 1660 Returned to England and Ireland with the Restoration
20 1661, about Married 1st John Fitzgerald of Dromana
21 1662 First husband died.
24 1665, 3 Jun Brother Charles killed in the Battle of Lowestoft, a naval engagement with the Dutch.
24 1665, 4 Aug Father died in London.
29 1669, estimate Married 2ndly William Burke, 7th Earl of Clanricarde as his 2nd wife
29 1670 Son Ulick born
32 1673 Daughter Margaret born
33 1674 Daughter Honora born, her last child
44 1685, 6 Feb Accession of King James II, succeeding King Charles II
46 1687, Oct Second husband died.
48 1689, 13 Feb Accession of William and Mary, succeeding King James II
48 1689, 31 Jul Brother Justin lost the Battle of Newtownbutler and was taken prisoner.
57 1691, 12 Jul Son Ulick slain at the Battle of Aughrim
57 1698, estimate Married 3rdly Colonel Thomas Bourke
61 1702, 8 Mar Accession of Queen Anne, succeeding King William III
73 1714, 1 Aug Accession of King George I, succeeding Queen Anne
78 1719, about Third husband died.
81 1722 Died at Kilcash Castle
kids search engine
Helen Burke, Countess Clanricarde Facts for Kids. Kiddle Encyclopedia.