Henry Scott, 3rd Duke of Buccleuch facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
The Duke of Buccleuch and Queensberry
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The Duke of Buccleuch
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| Personal details | |
| Born | 2 September 1746 |
| Died | 11 January 1812 (aged 65) Dalkeith Palace, Midlothian, Scotland |
| Spouse |
Lady Elizabeth Montagu
(m. 1767) |
| Children | Elizabeth Home, Countess of Home George Scott, Earl of Dalkeith Mary Stopford, Countess of Courtown Charles Montagu-Scott, 4th Duke of Buccleuch Caroline Douglas, Marchioness of Queensberry Henry Montagu Scott, 2nd Baron Montagu of Boughton Harriet Kerr, Marchioness of Lothian |
| Parents | Francis Scott, Earl of Dalkeith Lady Caroline Townshend |
Henry Scott, 3rd Duke of Buccleuch and 5th Duke of Queensberry (born September 2, 1746 – died January 11, 1812) was an important Scottish nobleman. He was a close friend of the famous writer Sir Walter Scott.
Henry Scott was also a great-grandfather to some members of the British Royal Family. These include Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester, and her sons Prince William of Gloucester and Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester. During his time as Duke, his family gained a lot of land and wealth. He also combined different family names to create the surname "Montagu Douglas Scott."
Contents
Early Life of Henry Scott
Henry Scott was the third son and only surviving male child of Francis Scott, Earl of Dalkeith. His mother was Caroline Campbell. He was born in London, England, and was baptized on September 29, 1746.
Henry's father died when he was very young. Just one year later, his grandfather, the 2nd Duke of Buccleuch, also passed away. Because of this, Henry became the Duke of Buccleuch on April 22, 1751, when he was only four years old.
He went to Eton College, a famous school. Later, he traveled through Europe with Adam Smith, a very important thinker, as his teacher. Henry and Adam Smith remained friends for their entire lives.
Marriage and Family Life
On May 2, 1767, Henry Scott married Lady Elizabeth Montagu. She was the eldest daughter of Lady Mary Montagu and George Montagu, 1st Duke of Montagu. They were married in London.
Henry and Elizabeth had seven children together:
- Lady Elizabeth Scott (died 1837), who married Alexander Home, 10th Earl of Home.
- George Scott, Earl of Dalkeith (1768–1768), who died as a baby.
- Lady Mary Scott (1769–1823), who married James Stopford, 3rd Earl of Courtown.
- Sir Charles William Henry Montagu Scott, 4th Duke of Buccleuch (1772–1819). He became the next Duke.
- Lady Caroline Scott (1774–1854), who married Charles Douglas, 6th Marquess of Queensberry.
- Henry James Montagu Scott, 2nd Baron Montagu of Boughton (1776–1845).
- Lady Harriet Scott (1780–1833), who married William Kerr, 6th Marquess of Lothian.
How the Family Name Changed
The family name "Montagu Douglas Scott" came about because of important family connections and inheritances.
The Montagu Name Addition
When John Montagu, 2nd Duke of Montagu died in 1749, his daughter, Lady Mary Montagu, inherited his wealth. Her husband, Sir George Brudenell, wanted the Montagu name to continue. So, he and his children took the Montagu name. Later, King George III made him the Duke of Montagu.
This first Duke of Montagu (of the new creation) died in 1790. He also had only a daughter, Elizabeth, who was Henry Scott's wife. To keep the Montagu name alive, Henry Scott decided to add "Montagu" to his own name, becoming Montagu Scott.
Adding the Douglas Name
In 1810, William Douglas, 4th Duke of Queensberry passed away without marrying. His titles and lands went to Henry Scott, the 3rd Duke of Buccleuch. This was because Henry was a distant cousin through his grandmother, Lady Jane Douglas.
After inheriting from the Duke of Queensberry, Henry Scott added "Douglas" to his name. This created the full family name Montagu Douglas Scott, which the family still uses today.
Duke Henry's Career and Public Service
Henry Scott was involved in many important roles. He was the Governor of the Royal Bank of Scotland from 1777 until his death in 1812.
He also helped start the Royal Society of Edinburgh, a group for scientists and thinkers. He was its first President from 1783 until he died. He served as the Lord-Lieutenant (a representative of the monarch) for Haddington and Midlothian from 1794 to 1812. In 1778, he successfully raised a regiment of soldiers called Fencibles.
Death of the Duke
Henry Scott died at Dalkeith Palace in Scotland on January 11, 1812. He was 65 years old. He was buried in the family crypt at St. Mary's Episcopal Church in Dalkeith.
Titles and Awards
Henry Scott held several important titles and received special honors throughout his life:
- 1748–1750: Lord Eskdaill
- 1750–1751: Earl of Dalkeith
- 1751–1810: His Grace The Duke of Buccleuch
- 1767: Became a Knight of the Thistle (KT), a high honor.
- 1778–1812: Captain General of the Royal Company of Archers.
- 1794: Became a Knight of the Garter (KG), another very high honor, which meant he resigned as a Knight of the Thistle.
- 1802: Inherited the Lordship of Bowland.
- 1810–1812: His Grace The Duke of Buccleuch and of Queensberry, combining both titles.
Images for kids
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The Duke of Buccleuch
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Shield of arms of Henry Scott, 3rd Duke of Buccleuch
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The Duchess of Buccleuch by Thomas Gainsborough, c. 1767.
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The Duke of Buccleuch by Philip Audinet, 1798.
