Emirate of Nekor facts for kids

Quick facts for kids Emirate of Nekor إمارة بني صالح
710–1019
The Emirate of Nekor (yellow) at the time of the Idrisid dynasty.
Status	Client state of the Umayyad Caliphate (710–750)
Capital	Temsaman (710–760) Nekor (760–1019)
Common languages	Arabic Berber
Religion	Islam
Government	Monarchy
Emir
• 710–749	Salih I ibn Mansur
• 947–970	Jurthum ibn Ahmad
Historical era	Middle Ages
• Established	710
• Disestablished	1019
Preceded by Succeeded by Umayyad Caliphate Caliphate of Qurtubah

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The Emirate of Nekor or Salihid Emirate was an important kingdom. It was located in the Rif area of what is now Morocco. Its first capital was Temsaman. Later, the capital moved to a city called Nekor.

This kingdom was started in 710 CE by Salih I ibn Mansur. He was an Arab from a place called Himyar. He received permission from the Caliphate to create this state. Under his leadership, the local Berber tribes became Muslims.

However, the Berbers later removed him from power. They chose someone else named az-Zaydi. But they soon changed their minds. They asked Ibn Mansur to rule again. His family, known as the Banu Salih, then ruled the region. They stayed in power until 1019 CE.

Nekor and the Vikings

In 859, a group of Vikings attacked the kingdom. They came with 62 ships. The Vikings defeated a local army in Nekor. This army had tried to stop their raids. The Vikings stayed in Morocco for eight days. They then went back to Spain.

Where was the Nekor Kingdom?

The Nekor kingdom covered part of the Moroccan Rif mountains. It included lands of the Zouagha and Djeraoua tribes. This area was about five days' travel from Nekor.

The kingdom was surrounded by other tribes. These included the Matmata, Kebdana, and Mernissa. To the west, it reached the Banu Marwan of Ghomara. It also bordered the Mestassa and Sanhaja tribes. The sea formed its northern border, about five miles from Nekor.

Salihid Rulers and Their Reigns

The Salihid family ruled the Emirate of Nekor for many years. Here are some of their important leaders:

• Salih I ibn Mansur (710–749): He was the founder of the emirate. He helped the local people adopt Islam.
• al-Mu'tasim ibn Salih (749–?): He was known for being very religious.
• Idris I ibn Salih (?–760): He was the ruler who founded the city of Nekor.
• Sa'id I ibn Idris (760–803): He moved the capital to Nekor. During his rule, Vikings attacked Nekor. They took many people as prisoners. Some of these prisoners were later bought back by the Umayyad ruler of Spain. A part of the Ghomara tribe also revolted, but they were defeated.
• Salih II ibn Sa'id (803–864): His own brother tried to revolt against him. However, the revolt failed.
• Sa'id II ibn Salih (864–916): His older brother and uncle also tried to revolt. They were not successful. However, Sa'id II was later defeated and killed by a general named Masala ibn Habus. This general conquered the area for six months. Sa'id's sons escaped to Málaga. They returned after Masala left and took back control.
• Salih III ibn Sa'id (917–927): After his family regained power, he showed loyalty to the Umayyads. He recognized them as the true caliphs.
• Abd al-Badi' ibn Salih (927–929): He was defeated and killed by another general, Musa ibn Abi'l-Afiya. This general destroyed Nekor again. But the ruling family returned, and the city was rebuilt.
• Abu Ayyub Isma'il ibn 'Abd al Malik (930?–935): He was defeated and killed by another general named Sandal. When Sandal left, the people rebelled. They chose another member of the ruling family.
• Musa ibn Rumi (936?–940): He defeated the governor left by Sandal. He sent the governor's head to the Umayyad caliph in Cordoba. But he was soon removed by a relative.
• Abd as-Sami' ibn Jurthum (940–947): His own people rose up and killed him. They then brought another relative from Málaga to rule.
• Jurthum ibn Ahmad (947–970): He became the ruler and followed the Maliki school of Islamic law.

The emirate continued under his family. But in 1019, an emir named Ya'la ibn Futuh conquered it. He expelled the ruling family.

The dates mentioned here are based on the Islamic calendar. They might be off by about a year. This information comes from historical accounts by scholars like Ibn Khaldun.

Family tree

See also

In Spanish: Emirato de Nekor para niños

• Berghouata
• Maghrawa
• List of Sunni Muslim dynasties